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Obesity is the 5th leading cause of global death, and is major risk factors for many chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and cancer. Obesity is caused by an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, and it is widely agreed to be a consequence of a gene by environment interaction. Although on average obesity rates are increasing, the shape of the distribution of adiposity is changing: it is becoming more right skewed. This is because there is a population of very lean subjects that has remained almost unchanged by the epidemic. The investigators have called these very lean individuals that are resistant to the epidemic and sustain a BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 'super lean' subjects. We have very little understanding of the lifestyles of these individuals and how they are able to maintain their super lean phenotype, and whether the basis of their leanness is primarily genetics.
In this study, the investigators will recruit a sample of 150 super lean healthy volunteers with a BMI >15 and < 18.5 kg/m2 aged 20-40 years, in parallel with an age matched group of 150 healthy subjects with a BMI ≥22 and < 25 kg/m2 as the control group. The investigators will screen out any individuals with eating disorders. In both groups, the investigators will study their lifestyles in particular focusing on their physical activity patterns and their food intake choices (monitored via food intake diaries and supported by metabolomics analyses of their urine to detect biomarkers of different food groups). Saliva samples will be collected for genotyping. The investigators will SNP genotype the individuals for 30 known polymorphic loci previously linked to obesity to establish if they have a particular genetic profile linked to their lean phenotype.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 20 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, healthy, with no eating disorder, 150 subjects, 20 - 40 years old |
| |
| Superlean | 15 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ≤ 18 kg/m2, healthy, with no eating disorder, 150 subjects, 25 - 35 years old in particular |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Superlean | Behavioral | Behavioural data will be collected on all subjects in either control group or superlean group. Blood or saliva samples will be collected for DNA extraction and genotyping. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Anthropometric measurements of participants in both control and superlean groups | Height, waist and hip circumferences (cm) and body composition will be measured on arrival. | Through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Demographic characteristics of all participants in both control and superlean groups | Life style questionnaire filled out on arrival. | Through study completion, an average of 2 years |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Participants are healthy, with no eating disorder, 25 - 35 years old in particular.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Speakman, PhD | Contact | +86-10-64807042 | j.speakman@abdn.ac.uk | |
| Sumei Hu, PhD | Contact | 18500818466 | smhu@genetics.ac.cn |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| John Speakman, PhD | Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology | Recruiting | Beijing | 100101 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013851 | Thinness |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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9 ml of blood samples will be collected for the biological measurements and DNA extraction for genotyping.