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This is a monocentric pilot study to assess the safety profile of a 30-meter deep underwater diving using 3 different type of gas mixtures: AIR (21% O2 and 79% N2), NITROX 32 (32% O2 And 68% N2) and TRIMIX (21% O2, 44% N2 and 35% He).
The participants will be measured for vital parameters, blood samples and transthoracic cardiac ultrasound before diving (baseline).
Participants will be requested to perform recreational dive, which does not require particular decompression stops, at a depth of 30 meters with a 30 minutes botton time. 20 minutes after dive the same measurements as baseline will be repeated, once at rest and once after a physical effort by performing a series of 10 bending on the legs (squats). The day after dive, the participants will be interviewed by phone (FOLLOW-UP) by a physician. It will be required to report any unusual event, MDD symptom, or neurological complication.
Same procedure will be repeated with three different type of blends (AIR, NITROX, TRIMIX).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Three dives with different gas mixture : AIR (21% di O2 e 79% di N2), NITROX 32 (32% di O2 e 68% di N2) and TRIMIX (21% O2, 44% N2 e 35% He) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transthoracic echocardiography | Diagnostic Test | Diagnostic test done prior and after the dive |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Best gas mixture | Best gas mixture with minimal cardiac function impact (endothelial stress) | 1 month |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| diastolic function evaluation | diastolic function evaluated after a dive with three different gas mixtures | 1 month |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Healty volunteer divers
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniela Cristina, Dr. med. | Contact | +41 91 6057788 | danidott@libero.it | |
| Claudio Camponovo, Dr. med. | Contact | +41 91 6116239 | ccamponovo@arsmedica.ch |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salvataggio Sub Gambarogno | Recruiting | San Nazzaro | 6575 | Switzerland |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004452 | Echocardiography |
| D001800 | Blood Specimen Collection |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057791 | Cardiac Imaging Techniques |
| D003952 | Diagnostic Imaging |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
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blood samples for microparticles count
| Blood samples |
| Diagnostic Test |
Diagnostic test done prior and after the dive |
|
| D014463 | Ultrasonography |
| D006334 | Heart Function Tests |
| D003935 | Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular |
| D013048 | Specimen Handling |
| D019411 | Clinical Laboratory Techniques |
| D011677 | Punctures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |