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This study will evaluate the effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on physiological reactivity. This study will focus on individuals with anxiety who will participate in an 8-week MBSR class. The investigators will test participants' reactivity to both predictable and unpredictable stimuli before and after the class to understand the physiological changes that may occur after to the intervention. Secondary measures include psychometric instruments and a delay discounting task.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is a manualized, systematic training in mindfulness meditation that has been found to have beneficial health effects, such as decreased stress and anxiety. The current protocol aims to examine the effects of MBSR on several physiological and behavioral measures in people with anxiety disorders, which may help us understand the effects of the intervention on anxiety. The investigators will use the NPU task as developed by the NIH, which measures an individual's response to threatening stimuli (mild shock) paired with non-threatening stimuli (geometric shapes). Individuals with anxiety disorders will be recruited to participate in this study, and will be randomized to a control (waitlist) or MBSR intervention group. Other secondary measures will examine the effects of mindfulness meditation on decision-making, and stress and anxiety symptoms.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction | Experimental | This group will take the 8 week MBSR course within 4 weeks of their first testing visit. When the course is finished they will come in for their second testing visit. The course meets once a week in person for 2.5 hours and participants are expected to do practices at home. |
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| Waitlist | Other | The wait-list group will not participate in the MBSR course within 4 weeks of their first testing visit. They will wait 8-16 weeks and come on for a second testing visit. After their data is collected they will be offered an MBSR course to take. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction | Behavioral | The MBSR course teaches mindfulness meditation skills. This 8-week course meets in person once a week for 2.5 hours. Participants are expected to complete practice assignments at home. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Fear and anxiety potentiated startle | This variable will be measured by using the Neutral, Predictable, and Unpredictable (NPU) Threat Test | 16 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), | measures depression symptoms | 16 weeks |
| The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) | This is a measure of state and trait anxiety |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Elizabeth A Hoge | Georgetown University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Georgetown University Medical Center | Washington D.C. | District of Columbia | 20007 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22362158 | Result | Schmitz A, Grillon C. Assessing fear and anxiety in humans using the threat of predictable and unpredictable aversive events (the NPU-threat test). Nat Protoc. 2012 Feb 23;7(3):527-32. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2012.001. |
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Since this study is focusing on a mind-body skill as a treatment it will be impossible to mask the participant.
| Waitlist | Behavioral | This group will wait 8-16 weeks after their first testing visit and after their second study visit is completed they will be able to participate in an 8-week MBSR course. |
|
| 16 weeks |
| Delay Discounting | This is a computer task that measures a decline in reward value over a given time | 16 weeks |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D000098647 | Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
| D000072861 | Phobia, Social |
| D016584 | Panic Disorder |
| D013313 | Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic |
| D000379 | Agoraphobia |
| C562465 | Phobia, Specific |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D010698 | Phobic Disorders |
| D040921 | Stress Disorders, Traumatic |
| D000068099 | Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000099024 | Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction |
| D014850 | Waiting Lists |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D064866 | Mindfulness |
| D015928 | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| D001521 | Behavior Therapy |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
| D001071 | Appointments and Schedules |
| D009934 | Organization and Administration |
| D006298 | Health Services Administration |
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