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patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy were divided into two groups. patients in catheter group were placed a catheter with open technique by the surgeon in the pectoral area. thirty minutes before extubation %1 lidocain 10 ml, %0.5 bupivacain 10 ml and 10 ml %0.9 sodium chloride were given through the catheter for postoperative analgesia. patients in iv analgesia group were given 100 mg tramadol iv 30 minutes before extubation. visual analog pain scale (VAS) scores, rescue analgesic requirement, complications were recorded and compared between two groups 1, 6, 12, 24 hours and 90 days after surgery.
patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy were divided into two groups by computer. patients in catheter group were placed a catheter under clavipectoral fascia in the neighbourhood of nervus thoracicus longus, nervus thoracodorsalis, nervus pectoralis lateralis, nervus pectoralis medialis at the 1/3 lateral part of clavicula. solution included 10 ml of %0.5 bupivacain, %1 lidocain, 10 ml %0.9 sodium chloride totally 30 ml were given via the catheter for postoperative analgesia at the end of surgery. patients in iv analgesia group were given 100 mg tramadol iv 30 minutes before extubation. Patients in both groups were given dexketoprofen 50 mg iv if the VAS score was over 4. VAS scores, rescue analgesic requirement and timing, complications were recorded and compared between groups 1, 6, 12, 24 hours and 90 days after surgery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| iv analgesia | Active Comparator | patients were given intravenously 100 mg of tramadol (contramal) 30 minutes before extubation after modified radical mastectomy. |
|
| catheter group | Active Comparator | patients were placed a catheter under clavipectoral fascia and 30 ml of local anesthetic solution were given via catheter for postoperative analgesia |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| catheter | Device | catheter was placed under clavipectoral fascia by open technique by surgeon at the 1/3 lateral part of clavicula neighbourhood of nervus thoracicus longus, nervus thoracodorsalis, nervus pectoralis lateralis, nervus pectoralis medialis |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VAS scores | patients were asked to give a point between 0 to 10 for their pain level. 0 is no pain, 10 is the strongest pain. | 1 hour after operation |
| VAS scores | patients were asked to give a point between 0 to 10 for their pain level. 0 is no pain, 10 is the strongest pain. | 6 hours after operation |
| VAS scores | patients were asked to give a point between 0 to 10 for their pain level. 0 is no pain, 10 is the strongest pain. | 12 hours after operation |
| VAS scores | patients were asked to give a point between 0 to 10 for their pain level. 0 is no pain, 10 is the strongest pain. | 24 hours after operation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VAS scores | patients were asked to give a point between 0 to 10 for their pain level. 0 is no pain, 10 is the strongest pain. | 3 months after operation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| rescue analgesic requirement | patients whose VAS scores were over 4 were given 50 mg of dexketoprofen in Group I, 10 ml %0.25 bupivacain in Group II | 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after operation |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
breast cancer
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| cigdem akyol beyoglu, MD | Istanbul University | Study Director |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057785 | Catheters |
| D000698 | Analgesia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
| D000760 | Anesthesia and Analgesia |
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| iv analgesia | Drug | patients were given 100 ml of tramadol 30 minutes before extubation |
|
| D017437 |
| Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |