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The Alpha Omega Cohort is a prospective study of 4,837 state-of-the-art drug-treated Dutch patients aged 60-80 years who had a clinically diagnosed myocardial infarction up to 10 years before enrolment. During the first 40 months of follow-up, patients took part in an experimental study of low doses n-3 fatty acids (Alpha Omega Trial, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00127452). At baseline (2002-2006), data on medical history, medication use, diet, lifestyle and other factors were collected by means of questionnaires. Patients were physically examined by trained research nurses and blood samples were obtained. Follow-up for vital status and cause-specific mortality is ongoing. The trial was approved by a central medical ethics committee (Haga Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands) and all patients provided written informed consent.
Details are reported in publications.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary intake | Behavioral | Intake of nutrients, foods, food groups, beverages; dietary patterns. | ||
| Lifestyle factors | Behavioral | Physical activity; smoking; alcohol use; educational level. | ||
| Blood biomarkers | Biological | Biomarkers of dietary intake (e.g. fatty acids); biomarkers of disease. | ||
| Health | Biological | Current health status; medical history; medication use; self-rated health; risk factors for disease (e.g. body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids, glucose) | ||
| DNA | Genetic | SNPs (GWAS) | ||
| Mental well-being |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular mortality | Death from cardiovascular disease, obtained from causes of death register of Statistics Netherlands | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) through study completion |
| All-cause mortality | Vital status obtained from municipal population registers in the Netherlands | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) through study completion |
| Major cardiovascular events | Incidence of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events and hospitalisations for cardiac interventions, based on verified information from GP records, hospital records and mortality registers | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Coronary heart disease | Incidence of fatal and non-fatal coronary heart disease, based on verified information from GP records, hospital records and mortality registers | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) through study completion |
| Stroke |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Depression | Score on 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale | After 40 months of follow-up |
| Dispositional optimism | Scores on a 4-item questionnaire and the (revised) Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) |
The Alpha Omega Cohort is a prospective cohort study. The cohort originated from the Alpha Omega Trial, a 40-month intervention study of low doses of n-3 fatty acids (in margarine spreads) and cardiovascular events (NCT00127452). The in/exclusion criteria were defined for the Alpha Omega Trial.
Inclusion criteria:
Exclusion criteria:
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4837 patients (78% male) with a history of myocardial infarction up to 10 y before entry into the study, recruited from 32 hospitals in the Netherlands.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Johanna M Geleijnse, PhD | Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition | Wageningen | 6700 AA | Netherlands |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20362710 | Background | Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, Schouten EG, de Goede J, Oude Griep LM, Teitsma-Jansen AM, Katan MB, Kromhout D; Alpha Omega Trial Group. Effect of low doses of n-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases in 4,837 post-myocardial infarction patients: design and baseline characteristics of the Alpha Omega Trial. Am Heart J. 2010 Apr;159(4):539-546.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.12.033. | |
| 20929341 |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Website of the Alpha Omega Trial (experimental phase of Alpha Omega Cohort) | View source |
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Non-fasting venous blood samples were taken in 4785 patients at baseline, in 810 patients after 20 months and in 2503 patients after 40 months of follow-up. DNA has been extracted for genotyping.
| Biological |
Cognitive function; dispositional optimism; depression. |
Incidence of fatal and non-fatal stroke, based on verified information from GP records, hospital records and mortality registers
| From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) through study completion |
| Non-cardiovascular mortality | Death from cancer or other non-cardiovascular causes, obtained from causes of death register of Statistics Netherlands | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) through study completion |
| Type 2 diabetes | Incidence of type 2 diabetes, on basis of self-reported physician diagnosis, use of antidiabetic drugs, or elevated blood glucose | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Kidney function | Change in serum cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Cognitive function | Change in global cognitive function, based on Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| After 40 months of follow-up |
| Body weight | Change in body weight, assessed by trained research nurses | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Blood pressure | Change in office blood pressure, assessed by trained research nurses | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Blood lipids | Change in non-fasting serum total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, assessed by standard laboratory methods | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Glucose metabolism | Change in non-fasting plasma glucose, insulin and HbA1C, assessed by standard laboratory methods | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| DNA genotype | DNA genotype, assessed by Global Screening Array (Illumina, Inc.) | At baseline (2002-2006) |
| Biochemical markers of Inflammation | Change in blood biomarkers of inflammation, assessed by MesoScale assays | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Biochemical markers of endothelial function | Change in blood biomarkers of endothelial function, assessed by MesoScale assays | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Biomarkers of cardiac function | Change in blood biomarkers of cardiac function (e.g, NT-proBNP, troponin), assessed by chemiluminescence | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Biomarkers of kidney function | Change in blood biomarkers of kidney function, assessed by immunoassay | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Change in blood total PSA concentration, assessed by immunometric assay | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Testosterone | Change in serum testosterone concentration, assessed by immunoassay | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Circulating fatty acids | Change in concentration of fatty acids (percent weight) in plasma cholesteryl esters | From entry into the study (baseline: 2002-2006) until November 2009 |
| Result |
| Kromhout D, Giltay EJ, Geleijnse JM; Alpha Omega Trial Group. n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2010 Nov 18;363(21):2015-26. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1003603. Epub 2010 Aug 28. |
| 26490494 | Result | Sijtsma FP, Soedamah-Muthu SS, de Goede J, Oude Griep LM, Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, de Boer MJ, Jacobs DR Jr, Kromhout D. Healthy eating and lower mortality risk in a large cohort of cardiac patients who received state-of-the-art drug treatment. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Dec;102(6):1527-33. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.112276. Epub 2015 Oct 21. |
| 25104273 | Result | Hoogeveen EK, Geleijnse JM, Kromhout D, Stijnen T, Gemen EF, Kusters R, Giltay EJ. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on kidney function after myocardial infarction: the Alpha Omega Trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Oct 7;9(10):1676-83. doi: 10.2215/CJN.10441013. Epub 2014 Aug 7. |
| 23117562 | Result | Soedamah-Muthu SS, Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, Kromhout D; Alpha Omega Trial Group. Cardiovascular risk factor management of myocardial infarction patients with and without diabetes in the Netherlands between 2002 and 2006: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data. BMJ Open. 2012 Oct 31;2(6):e001360. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001360. Print 2012. |
| 22314614 | Result | Soedamah-Muthu SS, Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, de Goede J, Oude Griep LM, Waterham E, Teitsma-Jansen AM, Mulder BJ, de Boer MJ, Deckers JW, Zock PL, Kromhout D; for the Alpha Omega Trial Group. Levels and trends in cardiovascular risk factors and drug treatment in 4837 elderly Dutch myocardial infarction patients between 2002 and 2006. Neth Heart J. 2012 Feb 8;20(3):102-9. doi: 10.1007/s12471-012-0248-z. Online ahead of print. |
| 36035961 | Derived | Evers I, Cruijsen E, Kornaat I, Winkels RM, Busstra MC, Geleijnse JM. Dietary magnesium and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after myocardial infarction: A prospective analysis in the Alpha Omega Cohort. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Aug 12;9:936772. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.936772. eCollection 2022. |
| 35155529 | Derived | Cruijsen E, Indyk IM, Simon AWE, Busstra MC, Geleijnse JM. Potato Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality and Type 2 Diabetes After Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Analysis in the Alpha Omega Cohort. Front Nutr. 2022 Jan 27;8:813851. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.813851. eCollection 2021. |
| 34845924 | Derived | Pertiwi K, Kupers LK, de Goede J, Zock PL, Kromhout D, Geleijnse JM. Dietary and Circulating Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Mortality Risk After Myocardial Infarction: A Long-Term Follow-Up of the Alpha Omega Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021 Dec 7;10(23):e022617. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.022617. Epub 2021 Nov 30. |
| 34734223 | Derived | Cruijsen E, de Ruiter AJ, Kupers LK, Busstra MC, Geleijnse JM. Alcohol intake and long-term mortality risk after myocardial infarction in the Alpha Omega Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Mar 4;115(3):633-642. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab366. |
| 33826695 | Derived | Cruijsen E, Jacobo Cejudo MG, Kupers LK, Busstra MC, Geleijnse JM. Dairy consumption and mortality after myocardial infarction: a prospective analysis in the Alpha Omega Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Jul 1;114(1):59-69. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab026. |
| 33744039 | Derived | van Westing AC, Eckl MR, Kupers LK, Pertiwi K, Hoogeveen EK, Geleijnse JM. Plasma fatty acids and kidney function decline in post-myocardial infarction patients of the Alpha Omega Cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 May 6;31(5):1467-1476. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.01.012. Epub 2021 Jan 29. |
| 29095051 | Derived | Esmeijer K, Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, Stijnen T, Dekker FW, de Fijter JW, Kromhout D, Hoogeveen EK. Body-fat indicators and kidney function decline in older post-myocardial infarction patients: The Alpha Omega Cohort Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018 Jan;25(1):90-99. doi: 10.1177/2047487317739986. Epub 2017 Nov 2. |
| 29036212 | Derived | Rius-Ottenheim N, Kromhout D, Sijtsma FPC, Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ. Dietary patterns and mental health after myocardial infarction. PLoS One. 2017 Oct 16;12(10):e0186368. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186368. eCollection 2017. |
| 28835365 | Derived | van Dongen LH, Molenberg FJ, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Kromhout D, Geleijnse JM. Coffee consumption after myocardial infarction and risk of cardiovascular mortality: a prospective analysis in the Alpha Omega Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Oct;106(4):1113-1120. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.153338. Epub 2017 Aug 23. |
| 28793994 | Derived | Molenberg FJM, de Goede J, Wanders AJ, Zock PL, Kromhout D, Geleijnse JM. Dietary fatty acid intake after myocardial infarction: a theoretical substitution analysis of the Alpha Omega Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Sep 1;106(3):895-901. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.157826. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| D060825 | Cognitive Dysfunction |
| D000092862 | Psychological Well-Being |
| D009203 | Myocardial Infarction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D003072 | Cognition Disorders |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D010549 | Personal Satisfaction |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D017202 | Myocardial Ischemia |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D007238 | Infarction |
| D007511 | Ischemia |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D009336 | Necrosis |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004435 | Eating |
| D006262 | Health |
| D004247 | DNA |
| D008603 | Mental Health |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D004068 | Digestive System Physiological Phenomena |
| D055688 | Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena |
| D011154 | Population Characteristics |
| D009696 | Nucleic Acids |
| D009706 | Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides |
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