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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1R01MH112815-01 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) | NIH |
| Centre for Addiction and Mental Health | OTHER |
| University of California, San Diego | OTHER |
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This trial aims to assess the efficacy and tolerability of Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) as an alternative to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depression. Even with multiple medication trials, 30 - 40% of patients will experience a pharmacologically resistant form of illness. The ineffectiveness of current treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) coupled with the economic burden associated with the disorder engenders a need for novel therapeutic interventions that can provide greater response and remission rates.
The study will involve a randomized, double blind, non-inferiority clinical trial with two treatment arms conducted in two international academic medical centers (the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, Canada and UT Southwestern in Dallas, Texas). The investigators are pursuing a non-inferiority clinical trial in an effort to compare MST - a new treatment for TRD - to RUL-UB-ECT. Treatment will be administered two to three days per week. Depression symptoms will be assessed with the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRSD-24) and suicidality will be assessed with the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI). Remission will be defined as HRSD-24 < or = 10 and a > 60% decrease in scores from baseline on two consecutive ratings. Once a participant reaches remission, a second rating to confirm remission will be conducted immediately before their next scheduled treatment. If remission is confirmed, they will then be considered a completer of the acute treatment course. Remission of suicidal ideation is defined as a score of 0 on the SSI. Therefore, there will be no specific minimum number of treatments that patients must receive to be classified as remitters. However, patients who do not meet remission criteria after 21 treatment sessions will be considered non-remitters and will cease treatment sessions. This maximum treatment number was chosen allowing for the possibility that MST may require more treatment sessions to achieve remission, similar to RUL-UB ECT. The blind will not be broken to participants until the completion of the entire study.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) | Experimental | MST treatments will be administered using the MagPro MST with Cool TwinCoil. |
|
| Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | Active Comparator | ECT treatments will be administered using the MECTA spECTrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Magnetic Seizure Therapy | Device | MST treatment will be administered using the MagPro MST with a Cool TwinCoil over the frontal cortex in the midline position using 100 Hz stimulation. The MST determination of seizure threshold will be done using 100% machine output applied at 100 Hz at progressively escalating train durations, commencing at 2 seconds and increasing by 2 seconds with each subsequent stimulation until an adequate seizure is produced. During subsequent sessions, one stimulation will be delivered using a train duration that is 4 seconds longer than the train duration at threshold (with a maximum train duration of 10 seconds). This will be performed under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Remission of Depression on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-24 Item (HRSD-24) | This scale is used to quantify the severity of symptoms of depression
The outcome is reported as number of participants meeting remission criteria in each treatment group. | Approximately 7 weeks |
| Worsening of Autobiographical Memory on the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) | In the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), participants are presented with emotional cue words and asked to retrieve a personal memory within a brief response window; interview formats have been shown to produce fewer specific and more overgeneral memories. The outcome is reported as the number of participants who meet the predefined worsening criterion at follow-up. The binary outcome was defined as a worsening from baseline of >25% on the AMT total score. | Approximately 7 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Remission on the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) | Remission of suicidal ideation will be assessed using the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI), a clinician-administered tool with 19 scored items rated 0-2, total score range 0-38. Higher scores indicate greater suicidal ideation severity. Remission is defined as an SSI total score of 0 at follow-up. The outcome is the number of participants who meet remission criteria compared with baseline. |
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Inclusion Criteria
Patients will be included if they:
Exclusion Criteria
Patients will be excluded if they:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Daniel Blumberger, MD | Centre for Addiction and Mental Health | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California San Diego | San Diego | California | 92127 | United States | ||
| University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41997695 | Derived | Blumberger DM, McClintock SM, Thorpe KE, Tamminga CA, Foley K, Husain MM, Kaster TS, Knyahnytska Y, Voineskos D, Bailey KJ, Hubregsen JJ, Weissman CR, Daskalakis ZJ. Confirmatory efficacy and safety trial of magnetic seizure therapy versus right unilateral ultra-brief electroconvulsive therapy in depression (CREST-MST): a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial in Canada and the USA. Lancet Psychiatry. 2026 May;13(5):376-386. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(26)00060-X. | |
| 34895296 |
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Out of 119 allocated to MST arm, 2 Did not receive allocated intervention. Out of 120 allocated to ECT arm, 1 Did not receive allocated intervention.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) | MST treatments will be administered using the MagPro MST with Cool TwinCoil. Magnetic Seizure Therapy: MST treatment will be administered using the MagPro MST with a Cool TwinCoil over the frontal cortex in the midline position using 100 Hz stimulation. The MST determination of seizure threshold will be done using 100% machine output applied at 100 Hz at progressively escalating train durations, commencing at 2 seconds and increasing by 2 seconds with each subsequent stimulation until an adequate seizure is produced. During subsequent sessions, one stimulation will be delivered using a train duration that is 4 seconds longer than the train duration at threshold (with a maximum train duration of 10 seconds). This will be performed under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes. |
| FG001 | Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | ECT treatments will be administered using the MECTA spECTrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices. Electroconvulsive Therapy: In the ECT arm treatment, the MECTA spectrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices will be used, which are FDA approved devices used for providing standard-of-care clinical ECT treatments. The ECT determination of seizure threshold and the adjustment of energy at subsequent sessions will be based on a standard published protocol. All participants will receive RUL-UB ECT at six times the seizure threshold under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
In the MST arm, the baseline measure data for 2 subjects that did not receive allocated intervention was not included in the baseline analysis, and in the ECT arm, the baseline measure data for 1 subject that did not receive allocated intervention was not included in the baseline analysis.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) | MST treatments will be administered using the MagPro MST with Cool TwinCoil. Magnetic Seizure Therapy: MST treatment will be administered using the MagPro MST with a Cool TwinCoil over the frontal cortex in the midline position using 100 Hz stimulation. The MST determination of seizure threshold will be done using 100% machine output applied at 100 Hz at progressively escalating train durations, commencing at 2 seconds and increasing by 2 seconds with each subsequent stimulation until an adequate seizure is produced. During subsequent sessions, one stimulation will be delivered using a train duration that is 4 seconds longer than the train duration at threshold (with a maximum train duration of 10 seconds). This will be performed under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes. |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Remission of Depression on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-24 Item (HRSD-24) | This scale is used to quantify the severity of symptoms of depression
The outcome is reported as number of participants meeting remission criteria in each treatment group. | In the MST arm, 2 did not receive allocated intervention, and in the ECT arm, 1 did not receive allocated intervention, and therefore they were not included in the analysis. In the ECT arm, 11 participants were discontinued before adequate trial or remission, and in the MST arm 6 participants were discontinued before adequate trial or remission - these participants were not included in the primary non-inferiority analysis. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
Approximately 8 months.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) | MST treatments will be administered using the MagPro MST with Cool TwinCoil. Magnetic Seizure Therapy: MST treatment will be administered using the MagPro MST with a Cool TwinCoil over the frontal cortex in the midline position using 100 Hz stimulation. The MST determination of seizure threshold will be done using 100% machine output applied at 100 Hz at progressively escalating train durations, commencing at 2 seconds and increasing by 2 seconds with each subsequent stimulation until an adequate seizure is produced. During subsequent sessions, one stimulation will be delivered using a train duration that is 4 seconds longer than the train duration at threshold (with a maximum train duration of 10 seconds). This will be performed under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes. |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalization | Psychiatric disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Memory impairment | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Carol Tamminga | UT Southwestern Medical Center | 214-648-4079 | Carol.Tamminga@UTSouthwestern.edu |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Oct 28, 2022 | Dec 9, 2025 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Oct 28, 2022 | Dec 9, 2025 | ICF_001.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| D003866 | Depressive Disorder |
| D061218 | Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant |
| D059020 | Suicidal Ideation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D019964 | Mood Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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The study is a randomized, double blind, parallel--group clinical trial with two treatment arms conducted both at the University of Texas Southwestern in Dallas, Texas and at the Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention based at CAMH in Toronto, Canada. Both sites aim to recruit 130 participants each.
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Participants will be randomized into the study using a permuted block method with a random number generator. The study statistician will prepare the randomization scheme. The block size will be varying and study personnel will be blinded to the randomization block size.
|
|
| Electroconvulsive Therapy | Device | In the ECT arm treatment, the MECTA spectrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices will be used, which are FDA approved devices used for providing standard-of-care clinical ECT treatments. The ECT determination of seizure threshold and the adjustment of energy at subsequent sessions will be based on a standard published protocol. All participants will receive RUL-UB ECT at six times the seizure threshold under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes |
|
|
| Approximately 7 weeks |
| Response on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-24 Item (HRSD-24) | This scale is used to quantify the severity of symptoms of depression
| Approximately 7 weeks |
| Score on the Brief Symptom Inventory Anxiety Section (BSI-A) | The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) anxiety section (ANX) is a subscale comprised of 6 items designed to measure subjective experiences of tension, panic, and restlessness over the past week. It uses a 5-point Likert scale (0=not at all to 4=extremely) to identify symptoms like "nervousness," "feeling tense," or "spells of terror". Higher = worse; lower = better. The total score ranges from 0 to 24. | Approximately 7 weeks |
| Response on the Clinical Global Impression - Improvement Scale (CGI-I) | The Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale is a 7-point, observer-rated tool used to measure how much a patient's illness has improved or worsened relative to their baseline. It is rated from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse). Response is defined as a CGI-I score of 1 or 2. | Approximately 7 weeks |
| Score on the Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q) | The Q-LES-Q-SF (Short Form) measures quality of life through 14 items, each rated on a 1-5 scale (1=Very Poor, 5=Very Good). Total raw scores range from 14 to 70, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction. | Approximately 7 weeks |
| Score on the Columbia ECT Subjective Side Effects Schedule (CSSES) | The Columbia ECT Subjective Side Effects Schedule is a tool used to monitor adverse effects after each ECT session and at baseline. It tracks physical, cognitive, and mood side effects. For the physical scale (range 0-15) and cognitive scale (range 0-6) it uses a 4-point Likert-type scale where 0 = none; 1 = yes, mild; 2 = yes, moderate; and 3 = yes, severe. For the mood scale (range 0-3) it uses a 2-point Likert-type scale where 0 = no; 1 = yes. For the physical and cognitive scales, higher values indicate a worse outcome. For the mood scale, higher values indicate a better outcome. | Approximately 7 weeks |
| Dallas |
| Texas |
| 75390-9127 |
| United States |
| Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health | Toronto | Ontario | M6J 1H4 | Canada |
| Daskalakis ZJ, McClintock SM, Hadas I, Kallioniemi E, Zomorrodi R, Throop A, Palmer L, Farzan F, Thorpe KE, Tamminga C, Blumberger DM. Confirmatory Efficacy and Safety Trial of Magnetic Seizure Therapy for Depression (CREST-MST): protocol for identification of novel biomarkers via neurophysiology. Trials. 2021 Dec 11;22(1):906. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05873-7. |
| 34749782 | Derived | Daskalakis ZJ, Tamminga C, Throop A, Palmer L, Dimitrova J, Farzan F, Thorpe KE, McClintock SM, Blumberger DM. Confirmatory Efficacy and Safety Trial of Magnetic Seizure Therapy for Depression (CREST-MST): study protocol for a randomized non-inferiority trial of magnetic seizure therapy versus electroconvulsive therapy. Trials. 2021 Nov 8;22(1):786. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05730-7. |
| 34272471 | Derived | Regenold WT, Deng ZD, Lisanby SH. Noninvasive neuromodulation of the prefrontal cortex in mental health disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2022 Jan;47(1):361-372. doi: 10.1038/s41386-021-01094-3. Epub 2021 Jul 16. |
| 34131914 | Derived | Jiang J, Zhang C, Li C, Chen Z, Cao X, Wang H, Li W, Wang J. Magnetic seizure therapy for treatment-resistant depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Jun 16;6(6):CD013528. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013528.pub2. |
| BG001 | Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | ECT treatments will be administered using the MECTA spECTrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices. Electroconvulsive Therapy: In the ECT arm treatment, the MECTA spectrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices will be used, which are FDA approved devices used for providing standard-of-care clinical ECT treatments. The ECT determination of seizure threshold and the adjustment of energy at subsequent sessions will be based on a standard published protocol. All participants will receive RUL-UB ECT at six times the seizure threshold under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| OG000 | Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) | MST treatments will be administered using the MagPro MST with Cool TwinCoil. Magnetic Seizure Therapy: MST treatment will be administered using the MagPro MST with a Cool TwinCoil over the frontal cortex in the midline position using 100 Hz stimulation. The MST determination of seizure threshold will be done using 100% machine output applied at 100 Hz at progressively escalating train durations, commencing at 2 seconds and increasing by 2 seconds with each subsequent stimulation until an adequate seizure is produced. During subsequent sessions, one stimulation will be delivered using a train duration that is 4 seconds longer than the train duration at threshold (with a maximum train duration of 10 seconds). This will be performed under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes. |
| OG001 | Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | ECT treatments will be administered using the MECTA spECTrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices. Electroconvulsive Therapy: In the ECT arm treatment, the MECTA spectrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices will be used, which are FDA approved devices used for providing standard-of-care clinical ECT treatments. The ECT determination of seizure threshold and the adjustment of energy at subsequent sessions will be based on a standard published protocol. All participants will receive RUL-UB ECT at six times the seizure threshold under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes |
|
|
| Primary | Worsening of Autobiographical Memory on the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) | In the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), participants are presented with emotional cue words and asked to retrieve a personal memory within a brief response window; interview formats have been shown to produce fewer specific and more overgeneral memories. The outcome is reported as the number of participants who meet the predefined worsening criterion at follow-up. The binary outcome was defined as a worsening from baseline of >25% on the AMT total score. | In the MST arm, 2 did not receive allocated intervention, and in the ECT arm, 1 did not receive allocated intervention, and therefore they were not included in the analysis. In the ECT arm, 11 participants were discontinued before adequate trial or remission, and in the MST arm 6 participants were discontinued begore adequate trial or remission - these participants were not included in the primary non-inferiority analysis. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Remission on the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) | Remission of suicidal ideation will be assessed using the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI), a clinician-administered tool with 19 scored items rated 0-2, total score range 0-38. Higher scores indicate greater suicidal ideation severity. Remission is defined as an SSI total score of 0 at follow-up. The outcome is the number of participants who meet remission criteria compared with baseline. | SSI data are analyzed including only participants who had a non-zero SSI score at baseline. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Response on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-24 Item (HRSD-24) | This scale is used to quantify the severity of symptoms of depression
| Response data are reported from the completer sample (ECT = 108, MST = 111). | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Score on the Brief Symptom Inventory Anxiety Section (BSI-A) | The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) anxiety section (ANX) is a subscale comprised of 6 items designed to measure subjective experiences of tension, panic, and restlessness over the past week. It uses a 5-point Likert scale (0=not at all to 4=extremely) to identify symptoms like "nervousness," "feeling tense," or "spells of terror". Higher = worse; lower = better. The total score ranges from 0 to 24. | In the MST arm, 2 did not receive allocated intervention, and in the ECT arm, 1 did not receive allocated intervention, and therefore they were not included in the analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Score on the BSI-A scale | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Response on the Clinical Global Impression - Improvement Scale (CGI-I) | The Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale is a 7-point, observer-rated tool used to measure how much a patient's illness has improved or worsened relative to their baseline. It is rated from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse). Response is defined as a CGI-I score of 1 or 2. | In the MST arm, 2 did not receive allocated intervention, and in the ECT arm, 1 did not receive allocated intervention, and therefore they were not included in the analysis. There were 3 missing post-CGI-I in the MST group and 7 missing post-CGI-I scores in the ECT group. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Score on the Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q) | The Q-LES-Q-SF (Short Form) measures quality of life through 14 items, each rated on a 1-5 scale (1=Very Poor, 5=Very Good). Total raw scores range from 14 to 70, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction. | In the MST arm, 2 did not receive allocated intervention, and in the ECT arm, 1 did not receive allocated intervention, and therefore they were not included in the analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Score on the Q-LES-Q scale | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Score on the Columbia ECT Subjective Side Effects Schedule (CSSES) | The Columbia ECT Subjective Side Effects Schedule is a tool used to monitor adverse effects after each ECT session and at baseline. It tracks physical, cognitive, and mood side effects. For the physical scale (range 0-15) and cognitive scale (range 0-6) it uses a 4-point Likert-type scale where 0 = none; 1 = yes, mild; 2 = yes, moderate; and 3 = yes, severe. For the mood scale (range 0-3) it uses a 2-point Likert-type scale where 0 = no; 1 = yes. For the physical and cognitive scales, higher values indicate a worse outcome. For the mood scale, higher values indicate a better outcome. | In the MST arm, 2 did not receive allocated intervention, and in the ECT arm, 1 did not receive allocated intervention, and therefore they were not included in the analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Score on the CSSES scale | Approximately 7 weeks |
|
|
|
| 1 |
| 117 |
| 8 |
| 117 |
| 114 |
| 117 |
| EG001 | Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | ECT treatments will be administered using the MECTA spECTrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices. Electroconvulsive Therapy: In the ECT arm treatment, the MECTA spectrum 5000Q or the Sigmastim devices will be used, which are FDA approved devices used for providing standard-of-care clinical ECT treatments. The ECT determination of seizure threshold and the adjustment of energy at subsequent sessions will be based on a standard published protocol. All participants will receive RUL-UB ECT at six times the seizure threshold under the effect of anesthesia. The treatment procedure is approximately 10 minutes, followed by a recovery period of approximately 30 minutes | 0 | 119 | 2 | 119 | 119 | 119 |
| Hospitalization | Renal and urinary disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Hospitalization | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Hospitalization | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Hospitalization | Blood and lymphatic system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Death | Cardiac disorders | Systematic Assessment | Related to a myocardial infarction which took place approximately 6 months after their last treatment. |
|
| Post-treatment breathing difficulty | General disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Aching/stiffness in muscles | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Pain in jaw | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Headache | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Nausea | Gastrointestinal disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Confusion | Psychiatric disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Post-ictal agitation | Psychiatric disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
Not provided
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| D013405 |
| Suicide |
| D016728 | Self-Injurious Behavior |
| Minimally Improved |
|
| No Change |
|
| Minimally Worse |
|
| Much Worse |
|
| Mood Domain |
|