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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most common sports-related knee injuries. Because it is such a significant injury - requiring a long period of rehabilitation before the injured person is ready to return to physical activity, the burden of injury is high. This can help to explain why so much of orthopaedic research is devoted to evaluating the outcomes of ACL injury. However, while there has been extensive study of short-term (up to 5 years after injury) outcomes, few studies have followed patients beyond 15 years after their ACL injury. This is important because long-term follow-up can provide key insights to guide the information provided to newly injured patients (e.g. to help set realistic expectations of what the injured person can expect of their knee function in the future), and help us evaluate the efficacy of previous treatments.
The primary aim is to assess the influence of an acute ACL injury on knee function and quality of life, 32-37 years after the index injury. Approximately 300 patients injured between 1980 and 1985 will be invited to participate in the study. Patient- and clinician-reported outcomes, and radiographic osteoarthritis will be evaluated.
Patients injuring their ACL between 1980 and 1985 have periodically been followed since the injury. Now, we plan to contact all patients and invite them to participate. The patients will be asked to
Baseline information including associated injuries, treatment and activity level exist for all the patients. At that time, rehabilitation was normally completed after 4-6 months for non-operatively treated patients, and nine months after ACL surgery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non surgery | Patients were not treated with surgery initially |
| |
| Surgery | Patients had an initial surgical treatment |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgically treatment of the ACL | Procedure | Surgical initial ACL treatment |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self reported knee function | Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, KOOS 4 (Pain, Symptoms, Sport/Rec, QOL subscales) | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Osteoarthritis | Development of osteoarthritis examined with tibiofemoral and patellofemoral radiographs | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Quality of life | ACL-Quality of Life scale (ACL-QoL) | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Physical activity | Total time over the previous week spent doing moderate, and vigorous activity AND accelerometer measures |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Baseline data from the time for injury were collected consequently. The initial 167 patients were included in a randomised clinical trial of surgical vs. non-surgical treatment and the following patients were treated according to common practise at that time.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joanna Kvist, Professor | Contact | +4613284664 | joanna.kvist@liu.se |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Joanna Kvist, Professor | IMH Linkoping University, Sweden | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linkoping University | Recruiting | Linköping | Östergötland County | 58183 | Sweden |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17501866 | Result | Meunier A, Odensten M, Good L. Long-term results after primary repair or non-surgical treatment of anterior cruciate ligament rupture: a randomized study with a 15-year follow-up. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2007 Jun;17(3):230-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00547.x. | |
| 1997243 | Result | Andersson C, Odensten M, Gillquist J. Knee function after surgical or nonsurgical treatment of acute rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament: a randomized study with a long-term follow-up period. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991 Mar;(264):255-63. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000070598 | Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007718 | Knee Injuries |
| D007869 | Leg Injuries |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
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| Non surgical initial ACL treatment |
| Other |
Non surgical initial ACL treatment |
|
| 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Objective assessment of knee function | Concentric isokinetic muscle strength | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Objective assessment of knee function | Functional testing; stand-up test | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Objective assessment of knee function | Functional testing; hopping performance in one leg hop for distance | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Objective assessment of knee function | Postural control (one leg stand test) | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| Associated injuries and additional surgery | Patient reported | 32-37 years after ACL injury |
| 34395684 | Derived | Filbay S, Andersson C, Gauffin H, Kvist J. Prognostic Factors for Patient-Reported Outcomes at 32 to 37 Years After Surgical or Nonsurgical Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 Aug 11;9(8):23259671211021592. doi: 10.1177/23259671211021592. eCollection 2021 Aug. |
| 32736511 | Derived | Kvist J, Filbay S, Andersson C, Ardern CL, Gauffin H. Radiographic and Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis 32 to 37 Years After Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture. Am J Sports Med. 2020 Aug;48(10):2387-2394. doi: 10.1177/0363546520939897. |