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This single-center interventional study quasi-randomly allocated patients to a guided imagery or control intervention (positive journaling). Data were analyzed with treatment allocation masked.
Interventions: Participants were assigned in alternate order to 10 weekly 1-hour sessions "Healing Light Guided Imagery" or at-home positive journaling; drop-outs were replaced.
Intervention Type: Behavioral
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). Because nerves in any part of the brain or spinal cord may be damaged, patients with multiple sclerosis can have symptoms in different parts of the body. Many Multiple Sclerosis patients suffer from depression, fatigue and anxiety in addition to physical symptoms. Drugs prescribed for MS have been shown to not improve these comorbid psychological symptoms. Researchers have shown that mindfulness-based training programs can help MS patients, but these therapies are highly resource demanding and taxing for those involved. "Healing Light" Guided Imagery (HLGI; supplementary materials) is a guided imagery therapy that simulates a self-hypnotic trance state that has been anecdotally shown to improve depression and fatigue in patients with MS in less time and with fewer support resources. The investigators plan to test whether HLGI can increase patient well-being.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guided Imagery | Experimental | Guided Imagery meditation |
|
| Journaling | Active Comparator | Keeping a journal |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guided Imagery | Other | Guided Imagery meditation |
| |
| Journaling |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Quality of Life (MS-QOL-54) | Quality of Life based on Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Instrument (MS-QOL-54) | Change from baseline at 10 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mood (BDI-II) | Depressed mood based on the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) | Change from baseline at 10 weeks |
| Fatigue (FSS) | Fatigue levels based on the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Diagnosis of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
18-70 years old
Able to read and write in English
Able to attend sessions at the UC San Diego School of Medicine
Participant exclusion criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California, San Diego | San Diego | California | 92103 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009103 | Multiple Sclerosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020278 | Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS |
| D020274 | Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D003711 | Demyelinating Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019018 | Imagery, Psychotherapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026441 | Mind-Body Therapies |
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
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| Other |
Keeping a journal |
|
| Change from baseline at 10 weeks |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D004191 |
| Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |