The objective of this common multicenter protocol is to test the hypothesis that algorithmic tools using clinical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) cardiorespiratory monitoring data can detect ventilatory control instability and predict chronic and acute respiratory consequences of ventilatory control instability and autonomic dysregulation.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Neonatal Intensive Care Unit patient on cardiorespiratory monitor which has been configured to collect data to store for this study
• < 29 wks Gestational Age
• < 1 wk Chronological

Exclusion Criteria:

• Unlikely to survive or decision not to pursue full care
• Major congenital or chromosomal anomaly

All races and ethnicities will be recruited and distribution is expected to be similar to the populations represented in the NICU at each site.

Age of all infants will be less than 29 weeks Gestational Age and less than 1 week Chronological Age, at the time of enrollment.

The study population will be drawn from inpatients in NICUs at participating hospital sites with cardiorespiratory monitoring.

The subjects will be in variable states of health since they are premature and in the intensive care unit.

There will be no pre-screening of infants. Data will be collected on all infants placed in a bed for which monitoring and data collection capabilities are set up. Therefore all such infants will technically be enrolled in the study, regardless of meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Each enrolled infant will be screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria to determine whether the site will collect further data from the medical record.

De-identified data and linked DNA samples will be stored at NHLBI Biorepository BIO-LINCC. Data will include continuous cardio-respiratory monitoring, demographics, clinical events, co-morbidities, respiratory status, and other clinical data.