The aim of this study will be to compare the approach of repeated applications of APDT versus surgical therapy for the treatment of residual pockets in generalized agressive periodontitis.

Scaling and root planing may be insufficient to resolve the periodontal infection resulting in residual periodontal pockets. A method of treatment to these sites would be the surgical therapy, because it allows access to root surfaces, making possible a better decontamination. However, the surgical approach may bring some negative points, as more discomfort and postoperative morbidity, increased transoperatory risk and increased risk of contamination. Thus, finding other alternatives to residual pockets treatment, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) was recently proposed. Therefore, the aim of this study will be to compare the approach of repeated applications of APDT versus surgical therapy for the treatment of residual pockets in generalized agressive periodontitis.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of generalized aggressive periodontitis (Armitage, 1999; American Academy of Periodontology, 2015);
• Have undergone a first approach for periodontal treatment (full-mouth ultrasonic debridement);
• Present at least one residual pocket of probing depth ≥ 5 mm and bleeding on probe not located in furcation region;
• Good general health;
• Agree to participate in the study and sign the informed consent form (TCLE) after explaining the risks and benefits;

Exclusion Criteria:

• Systemic problems (cardiovascular alterations, blood dyscrasias, immunodeficiency - ASA III / IV / V) that contraindicate the periodontal procedure;
• Have used antibiotics and anti-inflammatories in the last six months;
• Smoke ≥ 10 cigarettes/day;
• Pregnant or lactating;
• Chronic use of medications that may alter the response of periodontal tissues;
• Indication of antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures;