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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Laboratoires Biocodex (Montrouge, France) | UNKNOWN |
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Nefopam may help blunt thermoregulatory defenses, thus facilitating induction of therapeutic hypothermia
Hypothermia, whether therapeutically induced or unintentional, triggers thermoregulatory defenses including vasoconstriction and shivering. Nefopam, a non-opioid, nonsteroidal centrally acting analgesic, has an opioid-sparing effect and anti-shivering potency without sedation, making it an ideal candidate to counteract thermoregulatory shivering.
Since complete compartmental pharmacokinetics (PK) are lacking this prospective, randomized, double-blind study in 8 volunteers was set to investigate the PK of arterial nefopam samples with non-linear mixed effect modelling. A two compartment mammillary model independent of covariates was found to describe the data best and could be implemented to drive automated pumps, achieving and maintaining a desired plasma concentration.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nefopam low dose | Active Comparator | Nefopam continuous intravenous infusion at 0.5 mg/ml for three hours. |
|
| Nefopam high dose | Active Comparator | Nefopam continuous intravenous infusion at 1.0 mg/ml for three hours. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nefopam Low dose | Drug | Continuous intravenous infusion at 0.5 mg/ml for three hours. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| V1 | Volume of distribution 1 | three hours of infusion |
| V2 | Volume of distribution2 | three hours of infusion |
| CLel | Clearance | three hours of infusion |
| CLdist | Clearance distribution | three hours of infusion |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Anesthesiology, University of Bern | Bern | Freiburgstrasses | 3010 | Switzerland |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007035 | Hypothermia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001832 | Body Temperature Changes |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009340 | Nefopam |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010079 | Oxazocines |
| D001392 | Azocines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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Volunteers given two doses of nefopam in a crossover protocol.
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Blinded drug containers.
| Nefopam High dose | Drug | Continuous intravenous infusion at 1.0 mg/ml for three hours. |
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