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The cutaneous silent period is a non-invasive technique that gives insight into the function of thin A delta fibers and as such can be a complement to conventional electrophysiological methods used to study the peripheral nerves. Clonidine is a selective partial agonist of the alpha-2 receptors which, added intrathecally to levobupivacaine, enhances the effect of a local anesthetic, prolongs sensory and motor block during local anesthesia and extends the length of post-operative analgesia. It is believed that clonidine achieves this effect by activating the postsynaptic alpha-2 receptors in the gelatine substance of the spinal cord and blocking the conduction of A-delta and C fibers. The aim of the study is to examine functional changes of Aδ - fibers during the application of spinal anesthesia by measuring the cutaneous slinet period and compare the effect of intrathecal administration of a combination of local anesthetic and clonidine in the quiet skin period in relation to the application of local anesthetic only.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5% levobupivacaine with 0.015% clonidine | Experimental | 0.5% levobupivacaine 15 mg with 0.015% clonidine 50 mcg and 40% glucose 0.5 ml will be preformed as subarachnoid block |
|
| 0.5% levobupivacaine with 0.9% saline | Active Comparator | 0.5% levobupivacaine 15 mg with 0.33 ml of 0.9% saline and 40% glucose 0.5 ml will be preformed as subarachnoid block |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| levobupivacaine | Drug | Comparing: 0.5% levobupivacaine 15 milligrams (mg) , 0.015% clonidine 50 micrograms (mcg) and 40% glucose 0.5 milliliters (ml) with 0.5 levobupivacaine 15 mg , 0.9% saline 0.33 ml and 40% glucose 0.5 ml |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 4 Item Duration of Latency and duration of the cutaneous silent period | Duration of latency and duration of the cutaneous silent (msec) period before subarahnoid block, after regression of motor block, sixth hour of intrathecal administration, 24 hours after intrathecal administration | 24 hours perioperative |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Duration of motor block | The duration of motor block and its regression will be monitored by Bromage scale:0- Bromage patient can perform movements in the hip, knee and foot. Bromage 1-patient can not perform movements in the hip, but can flexes the knee and move the foot, Bromage 2- patient can not perform movements in the hip and knee, but can move a foot. Bromage 3- patient can not perform movements in the hip, knee nor move the foot. The time of intrathecal levobupivacaine solution or levobupivacaine and clonidine solution is considered to be time zero. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
ASA one and two status BMI 18,5 to 24
Exclusion Criteria:
Coagulation disorders Polyneuropathy Diabetes mellitus Alcoholism Systemic inflammatory and malignant diseases Stroke
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Hospital Dubrava | Zagreb | 10000 | Croatia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9152203 | Background | Inghilleri M, Cruccu G, Argenta M, Polidori L, Manfredi M. Silent period in upper limb muscles after noxious cutaneous stimulation in man. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1997 Apr;105(2):109-15. doi: 10.1016/s0924-980x(97)96579-6. | |
| 26025613 | Background | Mota IA, Fernandes JB, Cardoso MN, Sala-Blanch X, Kofler M, Valls-Sole J. Temporal profile of the effects of regional anesthesia on the cutaneous reflexes of foot muscles. Exp Brain Res. 2015 Sep;233(9):2587-96. doi: 10.1007/s00221-015-4329-2. Epub 2015 May 30. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006552 | Hernia, Inguinal |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D046449 | Hernia, Abdominal |
| D006547 | Hernia |
| D020763 | Pathological Conditions, Anatomical |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077554 | Levobupivacaine |
| D003000 | Clonidine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002045 | Bupivacaine |
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 |
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|
| clonidine | Drug | Comparing: 0.5% levobupivacaine 15 mg , 0.015% clonidine 50 mcg and 40% glucose 0.5 ml with 0.5 levobupivacaine 15 mg , 0.9% saline 0.33 ml and 40% glucose 0.5 ml |
|
|
| 24 hours perioperative |
| Duration of sensory block | The time needed for the regression of sensory block in two dermatome will be measured; the time (min) required for a regression in the S1 dermatome, the time required to restore motor functions in Bromage 0 and the duration of analgesia(min). | 24 hours perioperative |
| 1718720 | Result | Uncini A, Kujirai T, Gluck B, Pullman S. Silent period induced by cutaneous stimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1991 Oct;81(5):344-52. doi: 10.1016/0168-5597(91)90023-q. |
| Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D048288 | Imidazolines |
| D007093 | Imidazoles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |