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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Xian Children's Hospital | OTHER_GOV |
| Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital | OTHER |
| Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University | OTHER |
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Preterm and very preterm infants are at risk of developing encephalopathy of prematurity and long-term neurodevelopmental delay. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows the characterization of specific features of encephalopathy of prematurity, including structural changes of brain white matter and gray matter. This study wants to investigate important evidence that early repeated high-dose rhEPO(5250 IU/kg) treatment improves long-term neurological outcomes in very preterm infants and without obvious adverse effects.
HYPOTHESIS Early administration of human erythropoietin (EPO) in preterm infants reduces perinatal injury to the brain and improves neurodevelopmental outcome at 24 months corrected age.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To determine whether cerebral outcome is improved if infants born between 28 0/7 and 34 6/7 gestational weeks at birth receive erythropoietin in high dose in the first two weeks after birth.
Biomarkers of encephalopathy of prematurity assessed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term equivalent age.
RATIONALE Erythropoietin (EPO) was first recognized for its hematopoietic properties; recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) has been used to treat a number of anemic states, including early and late anemia of prematurity, and it has been found to be safe and to reduce the need for blood transfusions. EPO produced in the central nervous system7 is upregulated after insult and plays a role in neuroprotection. Experimental studies have reported that rhEPO possesses neuroprotective properties in different neonatal brain injury animal models, and clinical studies have shown that rhEPO treatment reduces brain injury and the incidence of neurological disabilities in infants.8,14-17 In addition, improved neurodevelopmental outcomes have been observed in preterm infants with anemia after rhEPO treatment. The neuroprotective effect of rhEPO was suggested to be through acting against apoptosis, inflammation, and neurotoxicity and by acting as an antioxidant in protecting white matter from injury and in promoting neural regeneration, injury repair, and normal development.
STUDY DESIGN Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial. Research plan 400 infants will be randomized during the first three hours of life to receive EPO (5250 U/kg body weight) or placebo intravenously, the first dose(750U/kg) will be injected within 24h after birth, subsequent injection will be given each other day for 2 weeks. Standardized evaluation including cerebral sonography at day 1, 7 and 28 will determine the presence or absence of complications. Cerebral volume and white matter volume will be assessed at 40 postmenstrual weeks with MRI (only if available).
Experienced examiners will assess developmental function at 6 and 12 months corrected age using the reliable and validly revised Bayley Scales III of Infant Development and determine the presence or absence of impairment of motor function (cerebral palsy) and neurosensory function (blindness or deafness).
Primary outcome was cognitive development assessed with the Mental Development Index (MDI; norm, 100 [SD, 15]; higher values indicate better function) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, second edition (BSID-II) at 1 years corrected age.
Second outcome assess the effect of early administration of rh Epo on white matter development in preterm infants using Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS ). White matter disease of the preterm infant, was semiquantitatively assessed from MRI at term-equivalent age based on an established scoring method.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Erythropoietin | Experimental | Erythropoietin is administered 750U/kg intravenously every other day for 2 weeks (a cumulative dose of 5,250U/kg over the course of 7 separate intravenous injections regardless of gestational age), starting with the first dose within 72 hours after birth. A single dose consisted of 750U EPO per kg of birth weight dissolved in 3mL/kg normal saline was administered intravenously during a period of 5 minutes. |
|
| Normal saline | Placebo Comparator | Normal saline is administered 3ml/kg intravenously every other day for 2 weeks, starting with the first dose within 72 hours after birth. Similarly, the placebo dose consisted of 3mL of normal saline per kilogram birth weight was administered intravenously during a period of 5 minutes. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erythropoietin | Drug | rhEPO 750U/kg was injected within 72h after birth, subsequent injection was given every other day for 2 weeks (a cumulative dose of 5,250U/kg over the course of 7 separate intravenous injections. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Neurodevelopmental outcome | To evaluate neurodevelopmental function via Bayley Scales of Infant Development, second edition (BSID-II) at 18 months corrected age and gain incidence of MDI<70(Severe) or MDI<85(Moderate). | corrected age of 18 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| TBSS（Tract-based spatial statistics） | White matter disease of the preterm infant, was semiquantitatively assessed from MRI at term-equivalent age based on an established scoring method. | corrected age of 40 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xihui Zhou, Doctor | Contact | +8618991232230 | zhouxih@xjtu.edu.cn |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Xihui Zhou, Doctor | First Affiliated Hospital of Xian JiaotongUniversity | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Affiliated Hospital of Xian JiaotongUniversity | Recruiting | Xi'an | Shaanxi | 710061 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25534356 | Result | O'Gorman RL, Bucher HU, Held U, Koller BM, Huppi PS, Hagmann CF; Swiss EPO Neuroprotection Trial Group. Tract-based spatial statistics to assess the neuroprotective effect of early erythropoietin on white matter development in preterm infants. Brain. 2015 Feb;138(Pt 2):388-97. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu363. Epub 2014 Dec 22. | |
| 27244862 |
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| Tang-Du Hospital |
| OTHER |
| Xijing Hospital | OTHER |
| Xi'an No.4 Hospital | UNKNOWN |
| Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi | OTHER |
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| Normal saline | Drug | placebo (Normal saline 3 ml/kg birth weight) was injected within 72h after birth, subsequent injection was given every other day for 2 weeks. |
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| Wu YW, Mathur AM, Chang T, McKinstry RC, Mulkey SB, Mayock DE, Van Meurs KP, Rogers EE, Gonzalez FF, Comstock BA, Juul SE, Msall ME, Bonifacio SL, Glass HC, Massaro AN, Dong L, Tan KW, Heagerty PJ, Ballard RA. High-Dose Erythropoietin and Hypothermia for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Phase II Trial. Pediatrics. 2016 Jun;137(6):e20160191. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-0191. Epub 2016 May 2. |
| 27187300 | Result | Natalucci G, Latal B, Koller B, Ruegger C, Sick B, Held L, Bucher HU, Fauchere JC; Swiss EPO Neuroprotection Trial Group. Effect of Early Prophylactic High-Dose Recombinant Human Erythropoietin in Very Preterm Infants on Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 2 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2016 May 17;315(19):2079-85. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.5504. |
| 25157725 | Result | Leuchter RH, Gui L, Poncet A, Hagmann C, Lodygensky GA, Martin E, Koller B, Darque A, Bucher HU, Huppi PS. Association between early administration of high-dose erythropoietin in preterm infants and brain MRI abnormality at term-equivalent age. JAMA. 2014 Aug 27;312(8):817-24. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.9645. |
| 27130143 | Result | Song J, Sun H, Xu F, Kang W, Gao L, Guo J, Zhang Y, Xia L, Wang X, Zhu C. Recombinant human erythropoietin improves neurological outcomes in very preterm infants. Ann Neurol. 2016 Jul;80(1):24-34. doi: 10.1002/ana.24677. Epub 2016 May 11. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D047928 | Premature Birth |
| D020300 | Intracranial Hemorrhages |
| D007969 | Leukomalacia, Periventricular |
| D002547 | Cerebral Palsy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007752 | Obstetric Labor, Premature |
| D007744 | Obstetric Labor Complications |
| D011248 | Pregnancy Complications |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D006470 | Hemorrhage |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D004678 | Encephalomalacia |
| D007235 | Infant, Premature, Diseases |
| D007232 | Infant, Newborn, Diseases |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D001925 | Brain Damage, Chronic |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004921 | Erythropoietin |
| C103998 | epoetin beta |
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| D012965 | Sodium Chloride |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003115 | Colony-Stimulating Factors |
| D006023 | Glycoproteins |
| D006001 | Glycoconjugates |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D016298 | Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors |
| D016207 | Cytokines |
| D036341 | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins |
| D010455 | Peptides |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |
| D000077324 | Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
| D002712 | Chlorides |
| D006851 | Hydrochloric Acid |
| D017606 | Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D017670 | Sodium Compounds |
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