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To balance the oncological safety and cosmetic outcome is the basic principle of modern breast surgery. To preserve the nipple-areolar complex shows attractive cosmetic advantage but concerns regarding local recurrence make the oncological safety of nipple sparing mastectomy a controversial issue. Since the involvement of areolar pigmented skin by cancer is rare compared to that of nipple, we designed the current study to investigate the oncological safety and cosmetic outcome of Areola Sparing Mastectomy.
Primary breast cancer originated from areolae is rare. We hypothesized that nipple and areola are two separate anatomy tissue and have different oncological impact on the treatment of breast cancer. Areola Sparing Mastectomy (ASM) is a innovative procedure that involves of removal of nipple and preservation of areola the pigmented skin of which would improve the cosmetic outcome of mastectomy and lead to a illusion of congenital crater nipple in some patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Areola sparing mastectomy. | Experimental | Eligible patients undergo areola sparing mastectomy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Areola Sparing Mastectomy | Procedure | A small circular incision would be made to separate nipple from breast and an additional incision directly extended from nipple or located at other part of breast such as infra-mammary fold and subaxillary area would be made to remove the total mammary parenchyma. Routine implant based or flap base reconstruction would be performed subsequentially. Nipple reconstruction is optional. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Recurrence of areolar area | The frequency of histologically confirmed recurrence on the preserved pigmented areolar area. | Five years after initial surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cosmetic effect of reconstructed breast | The cosmetic results evaluated by a surgeon and a nurse through reviewing photographs. | 2-4 weeks after surgery; 2 years and 5 years after surgery. |
| Adverse effect of surgery |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Houpu Yang, MD | Contact | 88324010 | yanghoupu@pkuph.edu.cn |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Shu Wang, MD | Peking University People's Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peking University People's Hospital | Recruiting | Beijing | Beijing Municipality | 10044 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
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Single Armed, prospective, open label study
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|
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Wound dehiscence, infection, suture exposure and extrusion.
| 4 weeks after surgery. |
| Disease free survival | Survival time to any recurrence and any cause death. | 5 year after surgery |
| D017437 |
| Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |