Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Red Wine Polyphenols and Fecal Microbiota

Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Red Wine Polyphenols in the Modulation of Fecal Microbiota: an Interventional Study

In this study, the investigators will evaluate the prebiotic effect of a moderate intake of extra virgin olive oil or red wine on the modulation of gut microbiota composition and the improvement of cardiometabolic factors in obese and lean adults subjects.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Obese patients (body mass index (BMI= or > 30kg/m2) with high insulin resistance (measured by Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR) > 5.5.
• Lean subjects (BMI< 28kg/m2) with low insulin resistance (HOMA-IR< 3.3).

Exclusion Criteria (all patients):

• Type 2 diabetes
• Acute or chronic infection
• Inflammatory disease or endocrine disorders.
• History of cancer.
• Anti-inflammatory, corticosteroid, hormone, or antibiotic drug treatment
• A history of alcohol abuse or drug dependence
• A restrictive diet or a weight change ≥5 kg during the 3 months prior to the study.
• Intake of prebiotics, probiotics, vitamin supplements or any other medical treatment influencing intestinal microbiota during the 3 months before the start of the study or during the study.