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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust | OTHER |
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The aim of this study is to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on maternal and offspring vascular health.
The study will comprise of a randomised pilot trial to assess the effect of a moderate intensity exercise intervention on maternal and offspring vascular health. Participants will be recruited in the first trimester (T1, 10-12 weeks' gestation), and will be randomized to either a 24-week, structured and partially supervised, gym-based exercise intervention beginning in trimester 2 (T2) through to trimester 3 (T3), or a non-exercise control group who receive normal clinical care. The inclusion of this non-exercise control group is critical in allowing us to create an understanding of the adaptation of the vascular system during a normal (non-exercising) pregnancy, and also determining the physical activity and sedentary behaviour engaged in during normal healthy pregnancy. All participants will be asked to attend the laboratory at Liverpool John Moores University on 4 separate occasions synchronised with the end point of each trimester and then within four weeks of delivery. Maternal vascular health, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and fitness will be assessed during each time point throughout pregnancy while the fourth visit will comprise of an offspring vascular assessment. The investigators will also gain information on delivery outcomes including pre-term delivery, complications during labour, induction of labour, caesarean sections and post-partum haemorrhage via medical notes at the Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Experimental | Participants randomized to the exercise intervention group will be required to complete a 24-wk partially supervised exercise programme consisting of 3-4 sessions per week of 15 minutes progressing to 30 minutes over time. |
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| Control | No Intervention | Those randomized to the control group will continue with their standard care. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Other | Previously inactive pregnant women will be asked to complete 3-4 sessions of aerobic exercise each week for 24 weeks of 15-30 minutes in duration. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Vascular Function | Vascular function will be measured via endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial and femoral arteries and reported as percentage change. | Change from baseline at week 24 and 36 of pregnancy |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Sedentary behaviour | Sedentary behaviour will be measured using an inclinometer at the end of each trimester for a period of 7 days in line with the accelerometer monitoring and will be reported in minutes. | Change from baseline at week 24 and 36 of pregnancy |
| Change in Physical activity |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Offspring Vascular Structure | Offspring vascular structure will be assessed at the abdominal aorta site using ultrasound imaging. Wall thickness will be measured at three different angles of an optimised ultrasound image. The image will be adjusted so that artery wall thickness can be clearly seen and a 30 second recording taken at three different angles. The average of the three angles will be calculated for each artery. Results will be reported as change in millimetres at each time point for each artery assessed. |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Due to the topic of this study, this study targets female gender.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nicola Hopkins, PhD | Dr. | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES) | Liverpool | Merseyside | L33AF | United Kingdom |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33258064 | Derived | Brislane A, Jones H, Holder SM, Low DA, Hopkins ND. The Effect of Exercise During Pregnancy on Maternal and Offspring Vascular Outcomes: a Pilot Study. Reprod Sci. 2021 Feb;28(2):510-523. doi: 10.1007/s43032-020-00302-7. Epub 2020 Nov 30. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057185 | Sedentary Behavior |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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This study comprises of two groups; an exercise and a control group.
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Collected data at each time point will be blinded to the outcome assessor.
Physical activity will be monitored for a period of 7 days using accelerometry at the end of each trimester. |
| Change from baseline at week 24 and 36 of pregnancy |
| Incidence of Pregnancy specific outcomes | Following delivery the investigator will obtain information regarding pregnancy specific outcomes including pre-term birth, delivery complications, induction of labour, caesarean section and post-partum haemorrhage via medical notes at the collaborating hospital. | Following delivery and within 4 weeks |
| Assessed within 4 weeks of delivery |
| Change in Cerebrovascular Function | Change in cerebrovascular function will be assessed using transcranial Doppler ultrasound to measure brain blood flow velocity. | Change from baseline at week 24 and 36 of pregnancy |
| Change in Vascular Structure | Vascular structure will be measured at carotid, femoral and brachial arteries using ultrasound imaging to clearly visualise the artery. The image will be adjusted so that artery wall thickness can be clearly seen and a 30 second recording taken at three different angles. The average of the three angles will be calculated for each artery. Results will be reported as change in millimetres at each time point for each artery assessed. | Change from baseline at week 24 and 36 of pregnancy |