Malignant gliomas have a very poor prognosis with median survival measured in months rather than years. It is a disease in great need of novel therapeutic approaches. Based on the encouraging results of our preclinical studies which demonstrate improved efficacy without added toxicity, the paradigm of delivering a novel oncolytic adenovirus via a neural stem cell line in combination with radiation and chemotherapy is well-suited for evaluation in newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. The standard-of-care allows application of virotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy and assessment of the cooperative effects with radiation/chemotherapy without altering the standard treatment.

This is an open-label, phase 1, dose escalation trial that followed a 3x3 design. Three doses will be evaluated in the resectable cohorts: Cohort 1: 0.5x10^8 NSCs loading 6.25x10^10 vp; Cohort 2: 1.0x10^8 NSCs loading 1.25x10^11 vp; and Cohort 3: 1.5x10^8 NSCs loading 1.875x10^11 vp. Subjects enrolled have newly diagnosed high-grade glioma based on clinical and radiologic criteria; pathology will be confirmed at the time of surgical resection. Direct intra-tumoral injection of study product (NSC-CRAd-S-p7) will be done after resection but prior to closure. Subjects will then receive concomitant radiotherapy (RT) at a dose of 60Gy and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), 75 mg/m2, daily during RT. This will be followed by adjuvant TMZ dosed at 200 mg/m2 for 6 cycles. Subjects will be followed until disease progression with serial brain MRIs, and for survival up to 5 years. The non-resectable cohort will not opened due to limited product availability.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients must have presumed malignant glioma based on clinical and radiologic evaluation (pathologic confirmation of malignant glioma must be made at the time of stereotactic biopsy or resection prior to NSC-CRAd-S-pk7 injection; if this is not possible, the injection will not be performed and the subject will no longer be eligible for the study).
• Tumor must be accessible for injection and must not be located in the brainstem, or contained within the ventricular system.
• Planning to undergo standard radiation/chemotherapy
• 18 years of age or older.
• Performance status must be KPS ≥ 70
• SGOT (AST) < 3x upper limit of normal
• Serum creatinine < 2mg/dl
• Platelets > 100,000/mm3 and WBC > 3000/mm3

Exclusion Criteria:

• Prior or ongoing liver disease including known cirrhosis, hepatitis B or C infection but not to exclude patients with a distant history of resolved hepatitis A infection.
• Immunosuppressive drugs (with exception of corticosteroid).
• Known HIV+ patients.
• Acute infections (viral, bacterial or fungal infections requiring therapy).
• Pregnant or breast-feeding patients.
• Evidence of metastatic disease or other malignancy (except squamous or basal cell skin cancers).
• Prior radiation therapy to the brain or prior treatment for brain tumor Other serious co-morbid illness or compromised organ function.