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The purpose of this study is to identify and compare complication rates between autologous breast reconstruction techniques with and without the inclusion on intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography.
ICG-angiography is a real-time visualization of tissue perfusion using intravenous fluorescence. It allows the surgeon a tool for intraoperatively assessment of tissue perfusion of the autologous flap, providing a basis for trimming of hypo perfused areas. The study evaluates the effect of inclusion of this technique by examine postoperative outcomes retrospectively. This is done by differentiation between major and minor complications to evaluate the greatest gains of the intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention - ICG angiography | ICG-angiography was used intraoperatively after placement of the flap at the recipient cite, evaluating the viability and perfusion of the flap. Poor perfused areas were excised |
| |
| Control - clinical assessment | A control group receiving identical operations but without ICG-angiography evaluation. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indocyanine green angiography | Device |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Major complications | Major complications included necrosis of most of the flap (2/3), total flap loss and surgical evacuated hematoma. | Measured at 6 months followup. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Minor complications | A minor complication included clinical sign of infection, prolonged wound healing (defined as prolonged healing time requiring dressing changes assisted by health personnel), fat necrosis and skin necrosis. | Measured from day 0 with 6 months followup |
| Timing of reconstruction |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients who underwent immediate or delayed, pedicle autologous flap breast reconstruction between 2012 and 2016 were enrolled in the study.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
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Comparison of the timing of the reconstruction with the complication rate, comparing immediate reconstructions with delayed reconstructions. |
| Measured from day 0 with 6 months followup |
| D017437 |
| Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |