This is a retrospective study to identify the prognostic factors of the good outcomes in patients who presented with upper GI bleeding from tumor and received Hemospray via endoscopy for hemostatic control. The good outcomes were assessed by immediate hemostasis, rebleeding at 72 hours as well as 7, 14 and 30 days following presentation at initial bleeding episode and also 6-month survival rate.

Tumor-related gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is increasing due to the advancement of treatment in oncology. However, conventional endoscopic hemostatic methods are not reliable to control bleeding. Surgery, embolization, and radiotherapy can served as the salvage hemostasis; though, a bridging endoscopic therapy is required during resuscitation and stabilization of the patients. Hemospray is a recent novel endoscopic hemostatis powder which has a trend to be an effective instrument for controlling the active upper GI tumor bleeding from a match-pair, case-control study by the author's recent publication. Consequently, the authors hypothesized that there are some prognostic factors related to the outcome of Hemospray treatment in tumor bleeding.

Inclusion Criteria:

• All patients seen in the emergency room and/or hospitalized for malignant gastrointestinal haemorrhage from 2011 to 2017

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age < 18 years

Cases will have been treated at the McGill University Health Centre in Montreal, Canada (MUHC; Royal Victoria Hospital - RVH and Montreal General Hospital - MGH sites) and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.