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The aim of this study is to analyze the efficacy of several variations of an already validated Positive Psychology Intervention (PPI) called Best Possible Self, using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in general population. Participants are randomly assigned to one of 4 conditions: BPS PAST condition, BPS PRESENT condition, BPS FUTURE condition, and CONTROL condition (daily activities).
Intervention lasts 7 days. Participants come to the laboratory the first day, they fill up assessment questionnaires and practice the assigned exercise. Then, they practice the assigned exercise for 6 more days at home.
The main hypothesis is that all three experimental conditions will enhance wellbeing comparing to the control condition.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| BPS PAST | Experimental | Participants write down about themselves in a past when they displayed their best self. Then, they make a video with this text and a chosen song, watch the video and then they visualize (imagine) the content. |
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| BPS PRESENT | Experimental | Participants write down about themselves in in the present, focusing on what currently makes the best version of themselves (skills, features...). Then, they make a video with this text and a chosen song, watch the video and then they visualize (imagine) the content. |
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| BPS FUTURE | Experimental | Participants write down about themselves in the future after everything has gone as well as it possibly could. Then, they make a video with this text and a chosen song, watch the video and then they visualize (imagine) the content. This is the original BPS exercise (already validated in other studies). |
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| CONTROL | Active Comparator | Participants write down the activities they did during the last 24 hours. Then, they visualize (imagine) the content. They practice the visualization exercise for 7 consecutive days. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BPS PAST | Behavioral |
| ||
| BPS PRESENT |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS; Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988; SandÃn et al., 1999) from baseline to post-in | Change from pre-intervention to post-intervention (1 week) and follow-up (1 month, 3 months). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| New General Self-Efficacy Scale (NGSES; Chen, Gully & Eden, 2001) | Change from pre-intervention to post-intervention (1 week) and follow-up (1 month, 3 months). | |
| Life Orientation Test (LOT-R; Otero, Luengo, Romero Gómez & Castro, 1998; Scheier, Carver & Bridges, 1994). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Concordant Motivation (SCM; Sheldon & Elliot, 1999) | This scale measures the intrinsic motivation of participants' when practicing the assigned activity. | Day 1 |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Rosa M Baños, Professor | University of Valencia | Study Director |
| Ernestina Etchemendy, Researcher | University of Teruel | Study Director |
| Alba Carrillo, PhD student | University of Valencia | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Valencia | Valencia | 46010 | Spain |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21450262 | Background | Meevissen YM, Peters ML, Alberts HJ. Become more optimistic by imagining a best possible self: effects of a two week intervention. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;42(3):371-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.02.012. Epub 2011 Mar 2. | |
| Background | King L. The Health Benefits of Writing About Life Goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 27(7): 798-807, 2001. | ||
| Background | Sheldon KM, Lyubomirsky S. How to increase and sustain positive emotion: The effects of expressing gratitude and visualizing best possible selves. The Journal of Positive Psychology 1(2): 73-82, 2006. | ||
| Background | Peters ML, Flink IK, Boersma K, Linton SJ. Manipulating optimism: Can imagining a best possible self be used to increase positive future expectancies? The Journal of Positive Psychology 5(3): 204-211, 2010. |
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| BPS FUTURE | Behavioral |
|
| CONTROL | Behavioral |
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| Change from pre-intervention to post-intervention (1 week) and follow-up (1 month, 3 months). |
| Fordyce Happiness Scale (Fordyce, 1988) | Change from pre-intervention to post-intervention (1 week) and follow-up (1 month, 3 months). |
| Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (TSWLS; Pavot, Diener & Suh, 1998) | Change from pre-intervention to post-intervention (1 week) and follow-up (1 month, 3 months). |