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Parameterize the Pompage technique with an anatomical model cervical region to simulate specific procedures. Quantify the times, displacements, and facilitate the training of students and professional of physical therapy.
Manual techniques are taught and trained with practical demonstration without technology support to measure them, so they are difficult to reproduce. This difficulty increases in Pompage technique because the student is not able to estimate the displacement on the skin. In this research, to parameterize and train the technique was developed and validated an anatomical model of the cervical region, with silicone and latex rubber. The anatomical model simulates the soft tissues and a plastic resin structure represents the cervical spine bone. An optical sensor was used to measure the displacements performed on simulated skin versus time. The Likert scale was used for assessing the similarity of the anatomical model relative to the size, shape, texture, elasticity and displacement of the skin as well as the curvature of the cervical spine. Five experienced professionals (GP) in the technical performed five series of Pompage technique. With the mean of data collected were determined benchmarks for technical and implemented in a standard guide to train the volunteers. Twenty-six volunteers (GE) with no experience performed the Pompage technique, with the anatomical model following the standard guide. A physical therapist (VE) was selected to evaluate the volunteers (GE) before and after training in the simulator.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simulator's construction | Experimental | To build the simulator was selected a volunteer (VF) as a model. This volunteer had no complaints of pain or trauma to the cervical region. This region was used to collect the displacement of the skin and cytometry neck. |
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| Model Features | Experimental | Thirty-nine volunteers (GT) were selected men and women aged over 18 years without history of trauma in the cervical region in order to determine the characteristics of the model: skin elasticity and cirtometry neck. |
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| Parameterization technique | Experimental | Five physiotherapists (GP) with at least 5 years of experience in the technique were selected to perform the technique on the simulator and complete a questionnaire in order to evaluate the texture and skin elasticity, the curvature and size of the cervical spine format. They scored these items from the Likert scale. After evaluation they used the simulator to generate a standard guide training. |
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| Simulator training | Experimental | Twenty-six volunteers (GE) were selected, men and women, aged over 18 years without prior knowledge of the technique for simulator training. |
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| Training Evaluation |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simulator's construction | Other | Model to build the mold for the simulator |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement of the skin | The displacement of the skin (mm) of the volunteers VF and GT was measured to validated the simulator. The volunteers GE used the simulator and the displacement of the skin of simulator was measured during the Pompage technique. | 5 days |
| Pressure | The volunteers GE used the simulator and the pressure (mm/Hg ) on the simulator was measured during the Pompage technique. | 5 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cytometry neck | The cytometry neck (cm) of the volunteers VF and GT was measure to validated the simulator. | 1 minute |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Annie F. Frère, PhD | University of Mogi das Cruzes | Principal Investigator |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059352 | Musculoskeletal Pain |
| D003286 | Contracture |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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| Experimental |
A physical therapist (VE) was selected to evaluate the volunteers (GE) before and after training in the simulator. |
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| Model Features | Other | Volunteers to determine the elasticity of the skin and cirtometry neck to compare with the simulator. |
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| Parameterization technique | Other | Evaluation of the simulator features and parameterization of the Pompage technique in the simulator. |
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| Simulator training | Other | Training of pompage technique using the simulator. |
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| Training Evaluation | Other | Evaluation of volunteers from GE group before and after training with the simulator. |
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| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |