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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a specific protocol of sEMG-BFB in upper limb hemiparesis added to conventional physical therapy on changes in upper extremity functionality, motor recruitment pattern and range of motion (ROM) compared to the single application of conventional physical therapy. It aims to find a 22.22% difference between both interventions.
Upper limb hemiparesis is a common consequence after brain damage.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of a specific protocol of surface electromyographic biofeedback (sEMG-BFB) and conventional physical therapy in upper limb functionality, muscle recruitment changes, and glenohumeral range of motion compared to the single application of conventional physical therapy.
Design: randomized controlled clinical trial.
Sample: 40 participants from State Center of Attention to Brain Injury were recruited.
Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups where the experimental group received sEMG-BFB for the upper trapezius and middle deltoid muscles of the upper limb with hemiparesis and the control group received a placebo of the same technique. Both treatments were applied for 6 weeks. The score of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity" for functionality and shoulder range of motion were objectified. Root mean square (RMS) value was assessed as a secondary measure Data were collected before and after intervention.
A protocol of sEMG-BFB in upper limb may have an important role in the recovery of subjects with upper limb hemiparesis.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | protocol of Biofeedback Electromyography plus conventional physical therapy treatment |
|
| Control Group | Sham Comparator | consisted of Sham- Biofeedback Electromyography plus conventional physical therapy treatment |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biofeedback Electromyography | Procedure | protocol of sEMG-BFB that consisted of active movements in glenohumeral abduction guided by the visual signal of the register equipment. The protocol was the following: firstly proof active movements were requested in glenohumeral abduction without feeling any pain in order to teach the visual signal of their muscle activity. The therapist dedicated around 10 minutes in each session for subject learned to control the activation of both muscles in the limits that physical therapist marked with each individual in particular (controlling the activation in the upper trapezius). Once integrated information, shoulder abduction were requested following 4 main principles. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Fugl-Meyer Upper-Extremity Scale (FMA-UE) | Assess functionality found in the motor recruitment of the paretic shoulder muscles after brain injury | 15 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| range of motion | Articular goniometer | 10 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Maria Torres Lacomba, PhD | University of Alcalá | Study Director |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20880720 | Background | Dogan-Aslan M, Nakipoglu-Yuzer GF, Dogan A, Karabay I, Ozgirgin N. The effect of electromyographic biofeedback treatment in improving upper extremity functioning of patients with hemiplegic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012 Apr;21(3):187-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2010.06.006. Epub 2010 Sep 29. | |
| 23777436 | Background |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001930 | Brain Injuries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D006259 | Craniocerebral Trauma |
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| Sham Biofeedback Electromyography | Procedure | consisted of Sham-EMG biofeedback, in which the electrodes were placed as the same method as the EG (Fig. 2) but the screen emit no signal. The subject performed 3 sequences of 10 abduction contractions (first degrees) without pain feeling and with 5 minutes of rest between sequences. |
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| Conventional Physical Therapy Treatment | Procedure | All participants received a conventional daily treatment of neurological physical therapy. Since no evidence has been found about a specific therapy that specially could benefit hemiparesis consequences, the common approach in this center consists of a combination of different specific concepts (Bobath, Brunnstrom, Rood, Johnstone, Propioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, Perfetti, Vojta, Motor Relearning Programme,…), exercise programs, electrotherapy, myofascial techniques, etc… |
|
| Giggins OM, Persson UM, Caulfield B. Biofeedback in rehabilitation. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2013 Jun 18;10:60. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-10-60. |
| 25477805 | Result | De Baets L, Jaspers E, Janssens L, Van Deun S. Characteristics of neuromuscular control of the scapula after stroke: a first exploration. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Nov 17;8:933. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00933. eCollection 2014. |
| 32718746 | Derived | Lirio-Romero C, Torres-Lacomba M, Gomez-Blanco A, Acero-Cortes A, Retana-Garrido A, de la Villa-Polo P, Sanchez-Sanchez B. Electromyographic biofeedback improves upper extremity function: a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial. Physiotherapy. 2021 Mar;110:54-62. doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.02.002. Epub 2020 Feb 15. |
| D020196 | Trauma, Nervous System |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |