The study is to observe the anti-HBV therapeutic effects of peginterferon alfa-2b in chronic hepatitis b patients with e antigen positive based on the detection of interferon gene mutation (IFNA2 p.Ala120Thr) and interferon receptor (IFNAR2) detection.

Patients with e antigen positive chronic hepatitis b were enrolled in the study. Age, sex, symptoms (e.g., fever, fatigue, poor appetite, jaundice) were recorded in the study. We also observed the laboratory test results including the levels of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), platelet (PLT), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA; detection of gene mutation (IFNA2 p.Ala120Thr), levels of interferon receptor (IFNAR2).

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Chronic hepatitis b Patients who should receive anti-HBV therapy according to guideline and are willing to receive interferon therapy;
2. Hepatitis B e antigen positive.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients received anti-HBV therapy in the past 6 months;
2. Patients with liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma or other malignancies;
3. Patients with other factors causing active liver diseases;
4. Pregnancy or lactation women;
5. Patients with HIV infection or congenital immune deficiency diseases;
6. Patients with severe diabetes, autoimmune diseases, other important organ dysfunctions and other serious complications.
7. Patients with other reasons not suitable to receive interferon therapy.