The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on lifetime frequency -- the total number of episodes throughout the youth's life. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-year frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the year leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-month frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the month leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on lifetime frequency -- the total number of episodes throughout the youth's life. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-year frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the year leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-month frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the month leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

Salivary cortisol response was calculated as the Area Under the Curve with respect to increase (AUCi) across five time points (Baseline, +15, +30, +45, and +60 minutes). This value represents the raw change in cortisol concentration over time relative to the initial baseline using the trapezoidal rule. Because this is a measure of change, positive values indicate a cumulative increase above baseline, while negative values reflect a cumulative decrease below the baseline concentration during the session. Data were also windsorized to minimize the influence of extreme outliers.

Salivary cortisol response was calculated as the Area Under the Curve with respect to increase (AUCi) across five time points (Baseline, +15, +30, +45, and +60 minutes). This value represents the raw change in cortisol concentration over time relative to the initial baseline using the trapezoidal rule. Because this is a measure of change, positive values indicate a cumulative increase above baseline, while negative values reflect a cumulative decrease below the baseline concentration during the session. Data were also windsorized to minimize the influence of extreme outliers.

The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) is a 19-item semi-structured clinical interview used to assess the presence and intensity of suicidal thoughts, plans, and intent. The interview utilizes a screening process where a score of 0 on both items 4 and 5 (active and passive desire) results in the remaining 14 items being skipped and recorded as 0. Each item is rated on a 3-point scale (0 to 2), and the total score is calculated by summing all 19 items. Total scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 38, with higher scores representing greater severity of suicidal ideation (a worse clinical outcome). If an adolescent is assessed to be at clinical risk during the interview, a standardized safety plan is developed with the youth and their family.

The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) is a 19-item semi-structured clinical interview used to assess the presence and intensity of suicidal thoughts, plans, and intent. The interview utilizes a screening process where a score of 0 on both items 4 and 5 (active and passive desire) results in the remaining 14 items being skipped and recorded as 0. Each item is rated on a 3-point scale (0 to 2), and the total score is calculated by summing all 19 items. Total scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 38, with higher scores representing greater severity of suicidal ideation (a worse clinical outcome). If an adolescent is assessed to be at clinical risk during the interview, a standardized safety plan is developed with the youth and their family.

The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) is a 19-item semi-structured clinical interview used to assess the presence and intensity of suicidal thoughts, plans, and intent. The interview utilizes a screening process where a score of 0 on both items 4 and 5 (active and passive desire) results in the remaining 14 items being skipped and recorded as 0. Each item is rated on a 3-point scale (0 to 2), and the total score is calculated by summing all 19 items. Total scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 38, with higher scores representing greater severity of suicidal ideation (a worse clinical outcome). If an adolescent is assessed to be at clinical risk during the interview, a standardized safety plan is developed with the youth and their family.

Description: This is a measure of depression symptom severity. Total scores on this scale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 54 Higher total scores mean greater severity of depression.

Description: This is a measure of depression symptom severity. Total scores on this scale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 54 Higher total scores mean greater severity of depression.

Description: This is a measure of depression symptom severity. Total scores on this scale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 54 Higher total scores mean greater severity of depression.

A self-report personality indicator for adolescent populations based on 22 scales of psychological well-being.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 50 Higher total scores mean greater severity of anxiety.

A self-report personality indicator for adolescent populations based on 22 scales of psychological well-being.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 50 Higher total scores mean greater severity of anxiety.

A self-report personality indicator for adolescent populations based on 22 scales of psychological well-being.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 50 Higher total scores mean greater severity of anxiety.

This is a measure of self perceptions in adolescents. Here we focus on the subscale for Global Self Worth.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score: 1 Maximum score: 4 Higher total scores mean greater sense of self-worth.

This is a measure of self perceptions in adolescents. Here we focus on the subscale for Global Self Worth.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score: 1 Maximum score: 4 Higher total scores mean greater sense of self-worth.

This is a measure of self perceptions in adolescents. Here we focus on the subscale for Global Self Worth.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score: 1 Maximum score: 4 Higher total scores mean greater sense of self-worth.

This is a measure of different facets of impulsivity. Here we focus on the subscales for negative urgency, which is the tendency to act impulsively in the context of negative emotion.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score for negative urgency: 1 Maximum score for negative urgency: 4 Higher total scores mean severity of impulsivity in the context of negative emotion.

This is a measure of different facets of impulsivity. Here we focus on the subscales for negative urgency, which is the tendency to act impulsively in the context of negative emotion.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score for negative urgency: 1 Maximum score for negative urgency: 4 Higher total scores mean severity of impulsivity in the context of negative emotion.

This is a measure of different facets of impulsivity. Here we focus on the subscales for negative urgency, which is the tendency to act impulsively in the context of negative emotion.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score for negative urgency: 1 Maximum score for negative urgency: 4 Higher total scores mean severity of impulsivity in the context of negative emotion.

The Emotional Go/NoGo Task assesses participants' ability to inhibit responses in the presence of emotionally valenced stimuli (e.g., negative emotional faces). Participants are instructed to make a speeded button press to frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses to infrequent "NoGo" stimuli. Task performance is summarized using d-prime (d'), a standard signal-detection-theory metric that reflects the participant's ability to discriminate between Go and NoGo trials while accounting for both hits and false alarms. Higher d' values indicate better inhibitory control. Values are unitless.

Minimum score: -4.2896 Maximum score: 2.5008

The Emotional Go/NoGo Task assesses participants' ability to inhibit responses in the presence of emotionally valenced stimuli (e.g., negative emotional faces). Participants are instructed to make a speeded button press to frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses to infrequent "NoGo" stimuli. Task performance is summarized using d-prime (d'), a standard signal-detection-theory metric that reflects the participant's ability to discriminate between Go and NoGo trials while accounting for both hits and false alarms. Higher d' values indicate better inhibitory control. Values are unitless.

Minimum score: -4.2896 Maximum score: 2.5008

The Emotional Go/NoGo Task assesses participants' ability to inhibit responses in the presence of emotionally valenced stimuli (e.g., negative emotional faces). Participants are instructed to make a speeded button press to frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses to infrequent "NoGo" stimuli. Task performance is summarized using d-prime (d'), a standard signal-detection-theory metric that reflects the participant's ability to discriminate between Go and NoGo trials while accounting for both hits and false alarms. Higher d' values indicate better inhibitory control. Values are unitless.

Minimum score: -4.2896 Maximum score: 2.5008

This measure represents the global average cortical thickness (in millimeters) of the "Self Network," defined a priori using the Glasser et al. (2016) multimodal parcellation. The network comprises two structural nodes: the Anterior Self Network (ACC, mPFC, and orbitofrontal cortex) and the Posterior Self Network (posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus). Cortical thickness values were extracted from T1-weighted structural MRI processed via HCP pipelines. To produce the single value reported in the data table, a grand average was calculated across all parcels within these nodes, averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure represents the global average cortical thickness (in millimeters) of the "Self Network," defined a priori using the Glasser et al. (2016) multimodal parcellation. The network comprises two structural nodes: the Anterior Self Network (ACC, mPFC, and orbitofrontal cortex) and the Posterior Self Network (posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus). Cortical thickness values were extracted from T1-weighted structural MRI processed via HCP pipelines. To produce the single value reported in the data table, a grand average was calculated across all parcels within these nodes, averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure represents the global average cortical thickness (in millimeters) of the "Self Network," defined a priori using the Glasser et al. (2016) multimodal parcellation. The network comprises two structural nodes: the Anterior Self Network (ACC, mPFC, and orbitofrontal cortex) and the Posterior Self Network (posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus). Cortical thickness values were extracted from T1-weighted structural MRI processed via HCP pipelines. To produce the single value reported in the data table, a grand average was calculated across all parcels within these nodes, averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure reflects the average cortical thickness of the Cognitive Control Network (CCN), defined using the Glasser parcellation for cortical regions. The CCN includes the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Cortical thickness was derived from HCP-processed vertex-wise maps and calculated as surface-area-weighted averages across all CCN parcels. To provide the single value reported in the data table, these measurements were averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure reflects the average cortical thickness of the Cognitive Control Network (CCN), defined using the Glasser parcellation for cortical regions. The CCN includes the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Cortical thickness was derived from HCP-processed vertex-wise maps and calculated as surface-area-weighted averages across all CCN parcels. To provide the single value reported in the data table, these measurements were averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure reflects the average cortical thickness of the Cognitive Control Network (CCN), defined using the Glasser parcellation for cortical regions. The CCN includes the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Cortical thickness was derived from HCP-processed vertex-wise maps and calculated as surface-area-weighted averages across all CCN parcels. To provide the single value reported in the data table, these measurements were averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This structural MRI outcome reflects the total bilateral volume of the amygdala, a central node of the Sustained Threat system within the RDoC Negative Valence domain. Amygdala volumes were extracted from T1-weighted structural scans using FreeSurfer's automated volumetric segmentation (aseg). To produce the single value reported in the data table, the volumes of the right and left amygdala were averaged.All volumetric values are reported in cubic millimeters mm³), where higher values represent a greater physical volume of the structure.

This structural MRI outcome reflects the total bilateral volume of the amygdala, a central node of the Sustained Threat system within the RDoC Negative Valence domain. Amygdala volumes were extracted from T1-weighted structural scans using FreeSurfer's automated volumetric segmentation (aseg). To produce the single value reported in the data table, the volumes of the right and left amygdala were averaged.All volumetric values are reported in cubic millimeters mm³), where higher values represent a greater physical volume of the structure.

This structural MRI outcome reflects the total bilateral volume of the amygdala, a central node of the Sustained Threat system within the RDoC Negative Valence domain. Amygdala volumes were extracted from T1-weighted structural scans using FreeSurfer's automated volumetric segmentation (aseg). To produce the single value reported in the data table, the volumes of the right and left amygdala were averaged.All volumetric values are reported in cubic millimeters mm³), where higher values represent a greater physical volume of the structure.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Self Network during the Self vs. Change Task. Participants evaluate if positive/negative valence words describe them (Self) or can change in a person (Change). The values represent the Z-score of the Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) signal contrast for Self vs. Change, indicating the magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the reported value, Z-scores were extracted from the Self Network-comprising the bilateral ACC, mPFC, OFC, PCC, and precuneus-and averaged across the four bilateral network nodes (left/right anterior; left/right posterior). A Z-score of 0 indicates no difference in activation; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation during self-referential processing. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Self Network during the Self vs. Change Task. Participants evaluate if positive/negative valence words describe them (Self) or can change in a person (Change). The values represent the Z-score of the Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) signal contrast for Self vs. Change, indicating the magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the reported value, Z-scores were extracted from the Self Network-comprising the bilateral ACC, mPFC, OFC, PCC, and precuneus-and averaged across the four bilateral network nodes (left/right anterior; left/right posterior). A Z-score of 0 indicates no difference in activation; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation during self-referential processing. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Self Network during the Self vs. Change Task. Participants evaluate if positive/negative valence words describe them (Self) or can change in a person (Change). The values represent the Z-score of the Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) signal contrast for Self vs. Change, indicating the magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the reported value, Z-scores were extracted from the Self Network-comprising the bilateral ACC, mPFC, OFC, PCC, and precuneus-and averaged across the four bilateral network nodes (left/right anterior; left/right posterior). A Z-score of 0 indicates no difference in activation; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation during self-referential processing. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Cognitive Control Network (CCN) during the Emotional Go/NoGo Task. Participants press a button for frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses for infrequent "NoGo" stimuli across negative, positive, and scrambled contexts. The reported values are the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for inhibition during negative vs. scrambled contexts. This indicates the magnitude of neural inhibition effort relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value, Z-scores were extracted from eight bilateral regions (dACC, rACC, mPFC, and DLPFC) and averaged. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between negative and scrambled inhibition; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Cognitive Control Network (CCN) during the Emotional Go/NoGo Task. Participants press a button for frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses for infrequent "NoGo" stimuli across negative, positive, and scrambled contexts. The reported values are the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for inhibition during negative vs. scrambled contexts. This indicates the magnitude of neural inhibition effort relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value, Z-scores were extracted from eight bilateral regions (dACC, rACC, mPFC, and DLPFC) and averaged. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between negative and scrambled inhibition; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Cognitive Control Network (CCN) during the Emotional Go/NoGo Task. Participants press a button for frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses for infrequent "NoGo" stimuli across negative, positive, and scrambled contexts. The reported values are the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for inhibition during negative vs. scrambled contexts. This indicates the magnitude of neural inhibition effort relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value, Z-scores were extracted from eight bilateral regions (dACC, rACC, mPFC, and DLPFC) and averaged. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between negative and scrambled inhibition; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Amygdala, a central node of the Threat Network, during the Hariri Threat Task. In this task, participants match the emotional expression of angry and fearful faces or match neutral shapes. The reported values represent the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for the "faces" condition versus the "shapes" condition, indicating the statistical magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value reported in the data table, Z-scores were extracted from the left and right amygdala and averaged across these two bilateral components. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between viewing faces and shapes, while higher positive Z-scores represent greater neural activation in response to threat-related stimuli. These research-based Z-scores compare relative activation magnitude between groups rather than against established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Amygdala, a central node of the Threat Network, during the Hariri Threat Task. In this task, participants match the emotional expression of angry and fearful faces or match neutral shapes. The reported values represent the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for the "faces" condition versus the "shapes" condition, indicating the statistical magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value reported in the data table, Z-scores were extracted from the left and right amygdala and averaged across these two bilateral components. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between viewing faces and shapes, while higher positive Z-scores represent greater neural activation in response to threat-related stimuli. These research-based Z-scores compare relative activation magnitude between groups rather than against established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Amygdala, a central node of the Threat Network, during the Hariri Threat Task. In this task, participants match the emotional expression of angry and fearful faces or match neutral shapes. The reported values represent the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for the "faces" condition versus the "shapes" condition, indicating the statistical magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value reported in the data table, Z-scores were extracted from the left and right amygdala and averaged across these two bilateral components. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between viewing faces and shapes, while higher positive Z-scores represent greater neural activation in response to threat-related stimuli. These research-based Z-scores compare relative activation magnitude between groups rather than against established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) within the "Self Network," defined as the synchronized spontaneous activity between specific brain regions during a task-free state. BOLD signal time series were extracted from the bilateral anterior nodes (ACC, mPFC, OFC) and posterior nodes (PCC, precuneus). Connectivity was quantified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the average time series of these regions. To allow for statistical comparison, these correlation coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, the resulting Z-scores were averaged across the network nodes. A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between regions, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) within the "Self Network," defined as the synchronized spontaneous activity between specific brain regions during a task-free state. BOLD signal time series were extracted from the bilateral anterior nodes (ACC, mPFC, OFC) and posterior nodes (PCC, precuneus). Connectivity was quantified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the average time series of these regions. To allow for statistical comparison, these correlation coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, the resulting Z-scores were averaged across the network nodes. A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between regions, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) within the "Self Network," defined as the synchronized spontaneous activity between specific brain regions during a task-free state. BOLD signal time series were extracted from the bilateral anterior nodes (ACC, mPFC, OFC) and posterior nodes (PCC, precuneus). Connectivity was quantified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the average time series of these regions. To allow for statistical comparison, these correlation coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, the resulting Z-scores were averaged across the network nodes. A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between regions, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the average within-network resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) for the Cognitive Control Network (CCN). Following the processing of CIFTI-space gray-ordinate-wise time series, average time series were extracted for the cortical nodes within the CCN as defined by the Glasser multimodal parcellation. Connectivity was quantified by cross-correlating these ROI time series, and the resulting coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, these Z-scores were averaged across the eight bilateral cortical regions: the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between regions, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the average within-network resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) for the Cognitive Control Network (CCN). Following the processing of CIFTI-space gray-ordinate-wise time series, average time series were extracted for the cortical nodes within the CCN as defined by the Glasser multimodal parcellation. Connectivity was quantified by cross-correlating these ROI time series, and the resulting coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, these Z-scores were averaged across the eight bilateral cortical regions: the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between regions, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the average within-network resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) for the Cognitive Control Network (CCN). Following the processing of CIFTI-space gray-ordinate-wise time series, average time series were extracted for the cortical nodes within the CCN as defined by the Glasser multimodal parcellation. Connectivity was quantified by cross-correlating these ROI time series, and the resulting coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, these Z-scores were averaged across the eight bilateral cortical regions: the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between regions, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the bilateral amygdala and the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), representing a key circuit in the Sustained Threat system. Connectivity was quantified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the averaged BOLD signal time series extracted from these regions during a task-free state. To allow for statistical comparison, these correlation coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, these Z-scores were averaged across the left and right hemispheres (bilateral) for both the amygdala and mPFC. A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between the amygdala and mPFC, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the bilateral amygdala and the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), representing a key circuit in the Sustained Threat system. Connectivity was quantified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the averaged BOLD signal time series extracted from these regions during a task-free state. To allow for statistical comparison, these correlation coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, these Z-scores were averaged across the left and right hemispheres (bilateral) for both the amygdala and mPFC. A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between the amygdala and mPFC, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

This measure reflects the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the bilateral amygdala and the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), representing a key circuit in the Sustained Threat system. Connectivity was quantified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the averaged BOLD signal time series extracted from these regions during a task-free state. To allow for statistical comparison, these correlation coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, these Z-scores were averaged across the left and right hemispheres (bilateral) for both the amygdala and mPFC. A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between the amygdala and mPFC, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.

Timeline Followback Method for NSSI as the total number of days with self-injurious behaviors in the past year

Timeline Followback Method for NSSI as the total number of days with self-injurious behaviors in the past year

Timeline Followback Method for NSSI as the total number of days with self-injurious behaviors in the past year

Total of all reporting groups

12-16 year old females with no history of non-suicidal self-injury are included in this cohort.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-year frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the year leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-month frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the month leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

This measure was given to all participants, but for those who denied a history of self-harm, (i.e, all those the Healthy Control arm at baseline), the detailed questions about a person's self-injury, such as timing of their self-injury, reasons behind it, etc. were not asked. Arm 2 included participants with no NSSI at baseline, but some participants in this sample did develop NSSI during the follow-up years.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on lifetime frequency -- the total number of episodes throughout the youth's life. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-year frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the year leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-month frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the month leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

This measure includes detailed questions about a person's self-injury, such as timing of their self-injury, reasons behind it, etc. These are not appropriate to be asked of a person who has no history of self-injury.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on lifetime frequency -- the total number of episodes throughout the youth's life. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-year frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the year leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

The Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) is a semi-structured clinical interview providing standardized, comprehensive measurement of self-injury. The interview is organized into modules, each starting with a screening question regarding lifetime presence. If a behavior is denied, the module is skipped; if endorsed, the SITBI assesses frequency (lifetime, past year, month, and week), onset, severity (injuries per episode and tissue damage), function, duration, and methods. Higher scores indicate greater severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This specific outcome focuses solely on past-month frequency, defined as the number of episodes occurring within the month leading up to the interview date. Because the SITBI is an interview-based assessment rather than a rating scale, scores reflect the raw number of episodes; thus, while the minimum value is 0, the maximum value is not predetermined.

This measure includes detailed questions about a person's self-injury, such as timing of their self-injury, reasons behind it, etc. These are not appropriate to be asked of a person who has no history of self-injury.

Salivary cortisol response was calculated as the Area Under the Curve with respect to increase (AUCi) across five time points (Baseline, +15, +30, +45, and +60 minutes). This value represents the raw change in cortisol concentration over time relative to the initial baseline using the trapezoidal rule. Because this is a measure of change, positive values indicate a cumulative increase above baseline, while negative values reflect a cumulative decrease below the baseline concentration during the session. Data were also windsorized to minimize the influence of extreme outliers.

Salivary cortisol response was calculated as the Area Under the Curve with respect to increase (AUCi) across five time points (Baseline, +15, +30, +45, and +60 minutes). This value represents the raw change in cortisol concentration over time relative to the initial baseline using the trapezoidal rule. Because this is a measure of change, positive values indicate a cumulative increase above baseline, while negative values reflect a cumulative decrease below the baseline concentration during the session. Data were also windsorized to minimize the influence of extreme outliers.

Salivary cortisol response was calculated as the Area Under the Curve with respect to increase (AUCi) across five time points (Baseline, +15, +30, +45, and +60 minutes). This value represents the raw change in cortisol concentration over time relative to the initial baseline using the trapezoidal rule. Because this is a measure of change, positive values indicate a cumulative increase above baseline, while negative values reflect a cumulative decrease below the baseline concentration during the session. Data were also windsorized to minimize the influence of extreme outliers.

The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) is a 19-item semi-structured clinical interview used to assess the presence and intensity of suicidal thoughts, plans, and intent. The interview utilizes a screening process where a score of 0 on both items 4 and 5 (active and passive desire) results in the remaining 14 items being skipped and recorded as 0. Each item is rated on a 3-point scale (0 to 2), and the total score is calculated by summing all 19 items. Total scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 38, with higher scores representing greater severity of suicidal ideation (a worse clinical outcome). If an adolescent is assessed to be at clinical risk during the interview, a standardized safety plan is developed with the youth and their family.

The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) is a 19-item semi-structured clinical interview used to assess the presence and intensity of suicidal thoughts, plans, and intent. The interview utilizes a screening process where a score of 0 on both items 4 and 5 (active and passive desire) results in the remaining 14 items being skipped and recorded as 0. Each item is rated on a 3-point scale (0 to 2), and the total score is calculated by summing all 19 items. Total scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 38, with higher scores representing greater severity of suicidal ideation (a worse clinical outcome). If an adolescent is assessed to be at clinical risk during the interview, a standardized safety plan is developed with the youth and their family.

The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) is a 19-item semi-structured clinical interview used to assess the presence and intensity of suicidal thoughts, plans, and intent. The interview utilizes a screening process where a score of 0 on both items 4 and 5 (active and passive desire) results in the remaining 14 items being skipped and recorded as 0. Each item is rated on a 3-point scale (0 to 2), and the total score is calculated by summing all 19 items. Total scores range from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 38, with higher scores representing greater severity of suicidal ideation (a worse clinical outcome). If an adolescent is assessed to be at clinical risk during the interview, a standardized safety plan is developed with the youth and their family.

Description: This is a measure of depression symptom severity. Total scores on this scale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 54 Higher total scores mean greater severity of depression.

Description: This is a measure of depression symptom severity. Total scores on this scale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 54 Higher total scores mean greater severity of depression.

Description: This is a measure of depression symptom severity. Total scores on this scale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 54 Higher total scores mean greater severity of depression.

A self-report personality indicator for adolescent populations based on 22 scales of psychological well-being.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 50 Higher total scores mean greater severity of anxiety.

A self-report personality indicator for adolescent populations based on 22 scales of psychological well-being.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 50 Higher total scores mean greater severity of anxiety.

A self-report personality indicator for adolescent populations based on 22 scales of psychological well-being.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum total score: 0 Maximum total score: 50 Higher total scores mean greater severity of anxiety.

This is a measure of self perceptions in adolescents. Here we focus on the subscale for Global Self Worth.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score: 1 Maximum score: 4 Higher total scores mean greater sense of self-worth.

This is a measure of self perceptions in adolescents. Here we focus on the subscale for Global Self Worth.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score: 1 Maximum score: 4 Higher total scores mean greater sense of self-worth.

This is a measure of self perceptions in adolescents. Here we focus on the subscale for Global Self Worth.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score: 1 Maximum score: 4 Higher total scores mean greater sense of self-worth.

This is a measure of different facets of impulsivity. Here we focus on the subscales for negative urgency, which is the tendency to act impulsively in the context of negative emotion.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score for negative urgency: 1 Maximum score for negative urgency: 4 Higher total scores mean severity of impulsivity in the context of negative emotion.

This is a measure of different facets of impulsivity. Here we focus on the subscales for negative urgency, which is the tendency to act impulsively in the context of negative emotion.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score for negative urgency: 1 Maximum score for negative urgency: 4 Higher total scores mean severity of impulsivity in the context of negative emotion.

This is a measure of different facets of impulsivity. Here we focus on the subscales for negative urgency, which is the tendency to act impulsively in the context of negative emotion.

Total scores on this subscale are reported. Minimum score for negative urgency: 1 Maximum score for negative urgency: 4 Higher total scores mean severity of impulsivity in the context of negative emotion.

The Emotional Go/NoGo Task assesses participants' ability to inhibit responses in the presence of emotionally valenced stimuli (e.g., negative emotional faces). Participants are instructed to make a speeded button press to frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses to infrequent "NoGo" stimuli. Task performance is summarized using d-prime (d'), a standard signal-detection-theory metric that reflects the participant's ability to discriminate between Go and NoGo trials while accounting for both hits and false alarms. Higher d' values indicate better inhibitory control. Values are unitless.

Minimum score: -4.2896 Maximum score: 2.5008

The Emotional Go/NoGo Task assesses participants' ability to inhibit responses in the presence of emotionally valenced stimuli (e.g., negative emotional faces). Participants are instructed to make a speeded button press to frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses to infrequent "NoGo" stimuli. Task performance is summarized using d-prime (d'), a standard signal-detection-theory metric that reflects the participant's ability to discriminate between Go and NoGo trials while accounting for both hits and false alarms. Higher d' values indicate better inhibitory control. Values are unitless.

Minimum score: -4.2896 Maximum score: 2.5008

The Emotional Go/NoGo Task assesses participants' ability to inhibit responses in the presence of emotionally valenced stimuli (e.g., negative emotional faces). Participants are instructed to make a speeded button press to frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses to infrequent "NoGo" stimuli. Task performance is summarized using d-prime (d'), a standard signal-detection-theory metric that reflects the participant's ability to discriminate between Go and NoGo trials while accounting for both hits and false alarms. Higher d' values indicate better inhibitory control. Values are unitless.

Minimum score: -4.2896 Maximum score: 2.5008

This measure represents the global average cortical thickness (in millimeters) of the "Self Network," defined a priori using the Glasser et al. (2016) multimodal parcellation. The network comprises two structural nodes: the Anterior Self Network (ACC, mPFC, and orbitofrontal cortex) and the Posterior Self Network (posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus). Cortical thickness values were extracted from T1-weighted structural MRI processed via HCP pipelines. To produce the single value reported in the data table, a grand average was calculated across all parcels within these nodes, averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure represents the global average cortical thickness (in millimeters) of the "Self Network," defined a priori using the Glasser et al. (2016) multimodal parcellation. The network comprises two structural nodes: the Anterior Self Network (ACC, mPFC, and orbitofrontal cortex) and the Posterior Self Network (posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus). Cortical thickness values were extracted from T1-weighted structural MRI processed via HCP pipelines. To produce the single value reported in the data table, a grand average was calculated across all parcels within these nodes, averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure represents the global average cortical thickness (in millimeters) of the "Self Network," defined a priori using the Glasser et al. (2016) multimodal parcellation. The network comprises two structural nodes: the Anterior Self Network (ACC, mPFC, and orbitofrontal cortex) and the Posterior Self Network (posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus). Cortical thickness values were extracted from T1-weighted structural MRI processed via HCP pipelines. To produce the single value reported in the data table, a grand average was calculated across all parcels within these nodes, averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure reflects the average cortical thickness of the Cognitive Control Network (CCN), defined using the Glasser parcellation for cortical regions. The CCN includes the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Cortical thickness was derived from HCP-processed vertex-wise maps and calculated as surface-area-weighted averages across all CCN parcels. To provide the single value reported in the data table, these measurements were averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure reflects the average cortical thickness of the Cognitive Control Network (CCN), defined using the Glasser parcellation for cortical regions. The CCN includes the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Cortical thickness was derived from HCP-processed vertex-wise maps and calculated as surface-area-weighted averages across all CCN parcels. To provide the single value reported in the data table, these measurements were averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This measure reflects the average cortical thickness of the Cognitive Control Network (CCN), defined using the Glasser parcellation for cortical regions. The CCN includes the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Cortical thickness was derived from HCP-processed vertex-wise maps and calculated as surface-area-weighted averages across all CCN parcels. To provide the single value reported in the data table, these measurements were averaged across both the left and right hemispheres (bilateral). Higher values represent a greater physical thickness of the cortical ribbon.

This structural MRI outcome reflects the total bilateral volume of the amygdala, a central node of the Sustained Threat system within the RDoC Negative Valence domain. Amygdala volumes were extracted from T1-weighted structural scans using FreeSurfer's automated volumetric segmentation (aseg). To produce the single value reported in the data table, the volumes of the right and left amygdala were averaged.All volumetric values are reported in cubic millimeters mm³), where higher values represent a greater physical volume of the structure.

This structural MRI outcome reflects the total bilateral volume of the amygdala, a central node of the Sustained Threat system within the RDoC Negative Valence domain. Amygdala volumes were extracted from T1-weighted structural scans using FreeSurfer's automated volumetric segmentation (aseg). To produce the single value reported in the data table, the volumes of the right and left amygdala were averaged.All volumetric values are reported in cubic millimeters mm³), where higher values represent a greater physical volume of the structure.

This structural MRI outcome reflects the total bilateral volume of the amygdala, a central node of the Sustained Threat system within the RDoC Negative Valence domain. Amygdala volumes were extracted from T1-weighted structural scans using FreeSurfer's automated volumetric segmentation (aseg). To produce the single value reported in the data table, the volumes of the right and left amygdala were averaged.All volumetric values are reported in cubic millimeters mm³), where higher values represent a greater physical volume of the structure.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Self Network during the Self vs. Change Task. Participants evaluate if positive/negative valence words describe them (Self) or can change in a person (Change). The values represent the Z-score of the Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) signal contrast for Self vs. Change, indicating the magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the reported value, Z-scores were extracted from the Self Network-comprising the bilateral ACC, mPFC, OFC, PCC, and precuneus-and averaged across the four bilateral network nodes (left/right anterior; left/right posterior). A Z-score of 0 indicates no difference in activation; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation during self-referential processing. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Self Network during the Self vs. Change Task. Participants evaluate if positive/negative valence words describe them (Self) or can change in a person (Change). The values represent the Z-score of the Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) signal contrast for Self vs. Change, indicating the magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the reported value, Z-scores were extracted from the Self Network-comprising the bilateral ACC, mPFC, OFC, PCC, and precuneus-and averaged across the four bilateral network nodes (left/right anterior; left/right posterior). A Z-score of 0 indicates no difference in activation; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation during self-referential processing. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Self Network during the Self vs. Change Task. Participants evaluate if positive/negative valence words describe them (Self) or can change in a person (Change). The values represent the Z-score of the Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) signal contrast for Self vs. Change, indicating the magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the reported value, Z-scores were extracted from the Self Network-comprising the bilateral ACC, mPFC, OFC, PCC, and precuneus-and averaged across the four bilateral network nodes (left/right anterior; left/right posterior). A Z-score of 0 indicates no difference in activation; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation during self-referential processing. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Cognitive Control Network (CCN) during the Emotional Go/NoGo Task. Participants press a button for frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses for infrequent "NoGo" stimuli across negative, positive, and scrambled contexts. The reported values are the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for inhibition during negative vs. scrambled contexts. This indicates the magnitude of neural inhibition effort relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value, Z-scores were extracted from eight bilateral regions (dACC, rACC, mPFC, and DLPFC) and averaged. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between negative and scrambled inhibition; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Cognitive Control Network (CCN) during the Emotional Go/NoGo Task. Participants press a button for frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses for infrequent "NoGo" stimuli across negative, positive, and scrambled contexts. The reported values are the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for inhibition during negative vs. scrambled contexts. This indicates the magnitude of neural inhibition effort relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value, Z-scores were extracted from eight bilateral regions (dACC, rACC, mPFC, and DLPFC) and averaged. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between negative and scrambled inhibition; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Cognitive Control Network (CCN) during the Emotional Go/NoGo Task. Participants press a button for frequent "Go" stimuli and withhold responses for infrequent "NoGo" stimuli across negative, positive, and scrambled contexts. The reported values are the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for inhibition during negative vs. scrambled contexts. This indicates the magnitude of neural inhibition effort relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value, Z-scores were extracted from eight bilateral regions (dACC, rACC, mPFC, and DLPFC) and averaged. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between negative and scrambled inhibition; higher positive scores represent greater neural activation. These research-based scores compare relative magnitude between groups rather than established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Amygdala, a central node of the Threat Network, during the Hariri Threat Task. In this task, participants match the emotional expression of angry and fearful faces or match neutral shapes. The reported values represent the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for the "faces" condition versus the "shapes" condition, indicating the statistical magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value reported in the data table, Z-scores were extracted from the left and right amygdala and averaged across these two bilateral components. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between viewing faces and shapes, while higher positive Z-scores represent greater neural activation in response to threat-related stimuli. These research-based Z-scores compare relative activation magnitude between groups rather than against established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Amygdala, a central node of the Threat Network, during the Hariri Threat Task. In this task, participants match the emotional expression of angry and fearful faces or match neutral shapes. The reported values represent the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for the "faces" condition versus the "shapes" condition, indicating the statistical magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value reported in the data table, Z-scores were extracted from the left and right amygdala and averaged across these two bilateral components. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between viewing faces and shapes, while higher positive Z-scores represent greater neural activation in response to threat-related stimuli. These research-based Z-scores compare relative activation magnitude between groups rather than against established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects task-based functional MRI (fMRI) activation within the Amygdala, a central node of the Threat Network, during the Hariri Threat Task. In this task, participants match the emotional expression of angry and fearful faces or match neutral shapes. The reported values represent the Z-score of the BOLD signal contrast for the "faces" condition versus the "shapes" condition, indicating the statistical magnitude of brain activity relative to baseline variability. To produce the single value reported in the data table, Z-scores were extracted from the left and right amygdala and averaged across these two bilateral components. A Z-score of 0 represents no significant difference in activation between viewing faces and shapes, while higher positive Z-scores represent greater neural activation in response to threat-related stimuli. These research-based Z-scores compare relative activation magnitude between groups rather than against established clinical thresholds.

This measure reflects the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) within the "Self Network," defined as the synchronized spontaneous activity between specific brain regions during a task-free state. BOLD signal time series were extracted from the bilateral anterior nodes (ACC, mPFC, OFC) and posterior nodes (PCC, precuneus). Connectivity was quantified by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the average time series of these regions. To allow for statistical comparison, these correlation coefficients were converted to Z-scores using the Fisher's r-to-z transformation. To produce the single value reported in the data table, the resulting Z-scores were averaged across the network nodes. A Z-score of 0 represents no functional synchronization between regions, while higher positive Z-scores represent stronger positive functional connectivity.