The trial is to test the resolution of pain, swelling and other signs of periapical infection and the antimicrobial efficacy when using the neem leaf extract compared to chlorhexidine as root canal irrigant in Pulpectomy treatment for children.

To compare the effectiveness of neem leaf extract with that of Chlorhexidine gluconate when used as an intracanal irrigant in primary molar teeth indicated for pulpectomy treatment.

P: children with primary necrotic molars indicated for pulpectomy I: Neem leaf extract (alcoholic solution). C: 2% chlorhexidine gluconate. O: Pain and swelling resolution. T:Over 12 months. S: Randomised controlled trial.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient and parent cooperation.

  • Absence of any systemic disease that would contraindicate pulp therapy.
  • Non vital molar teeth presenting with an acute or chronic periapical infection as a result of pulp necrosis ( Periapical abscess ,a sinus tract formation as a sequelae )
  • Making sure the patient is not taking an antibiotic and has not taken it for the past 2 weeks.
  • Absence of physiologic or pathologic root resorption that contraindicate pulp therapy.
  • Restorable teeth
  • Molars with at least two thirds of root remaining.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children with any condition that contraindicates pulp therapy will be excluded (rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis , leukemia , corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppressed children).