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Due to COVID-19 pandemic, patients stopped attending treatment in person. Patients have not returned to in-person treatment, and there is no plan for this to occur. The study could not be conducted virtually in secure manner.
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This study has two aims: 1) to test the validity of an eating disorder symptom checklist against an established clinical interview; and 2) to examine whether providing eating disorder patients with visual graphs of their symptom frequency in the early sessions of active treatment will lead to higher numbers of patients achieving a "rapid response" (65% reduction in symptoms in the first 4 weeks of treatment). Groups where patients receive visual graphs of symptom frequency will be compared with groups where patients do not receive visual graphs of symptom frequency on rates of rapid response to cognitive behavior treatment for eating disorders.
There is a growing body of research indicating that the best predictor of treatment outcome for eating disorders is a "rapid response" - or a 65% drop in symptoms such as binge eating or purging - in the first four weeks of Cognitive Behavior Treatment (CBT). Research is only now beginning to look at whether it is possible to increase the number of rapid responders by directly encouraging this behavior in patients. This study has two aims: 1) to validate information obtained about symptoms in a Weekly Symptom Checklist (WSC) against information obtained in clinical interview; and 2) to examine whether, in a context where rapid response is being discussed and actively encouraged, the rates of rapid response can be improved by providing patients with visual of symptom change in the first weeks of treatment. Investigators hypothesize that there will be significant correspondence between the WSC and clinical interview. Investigators also hypothesize that being given a visual of symptom change in the first weeks of treatment will result in higher rates of rapid response in patients being encouraged to achieve these objectives; and that rapid response will be related to higher rates of symptom remission at the end of treatment. Participants will be 40 patients diagnosed with Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder or Purging Disorder. These patients will be spread across 6 treatment groups. Three groups will be randomly selected (balanced across clinicians) to either receive or not receive visual feedback on change in frequency of symptoms based on their responses to the Weekly Symptom Checklist (WSC).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Visual feedback of symptom frequency | Experimental | Participants in this arm receive visual feedback of their symptom frequency over the first 4 weeks of active treatment, based on information they provide on a symptom checklist. |
|
| No visual feedback of symptom frequency | No Intervention | Participants in this arm complete the symptom checklist as is typically done during treatment, but receive no visual feedback of their self-reported symptom frequency over the first 4 weeks of active treatment. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visual feedback of symptom frequency | Behavioral | Participants receive visual feedback of their symptom frequency over the first 4 weeks of active treatment, based on information they provide on a symptom checklist. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in eating disorder symptoms from baseline | Symptoms will be measured using a Weekly Symptom Checklist which asks participants to indicate frequency of the previous week's eating disorder symptoms (regular eating, objective and subjective binge eating, various methods of purging). | Administered weekly up to week 25 (end of group treatment) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The behavioral section of the Eating Disorders Examination (EDE) | The behavioural section of the Eating Disorders Examination (EDE) will be modified to focus on the 28-day period directly prior to the assessment, rather than the prior 3 months as is typical. The behavioural section of the EDE assesses frequency of regular eating (i.e., meals and snacks) and frequency of eating disorder behaviours such as objective binge eating episodes, subjective binge eating episodes, frequency of self-induced vomiting, laxative use, diuretic use, and frequency and duration of exercise for compensatory or weight control purposes. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Michele M Laliberte, Ph.D. | St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Joseph's Healthcare | Hamilton | Ontario | L8N 4A6 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15569910 | Background | Fairburn CG, Agras WS, Walsh BT, Wilson GT, Stice E. Prediction of outcome in bulimia nervosa by early change in treatment. Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Dec;161(12):2322-4. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2322. | |
| 10910795 | Result | Agras WS, Crow SJ, Halmi KA, Mitchell JE, Wilson GT, Kraemer HC. Outcome predictors for the cognitive behavior treatment of bulimia nervosa: data from a multisite study. Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Aug;157(8):1302-8. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.8.1302. |
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For reasons of confidentiality, only aggregated data will be made available.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D052018 | Bulimia Nervosa |
| D056912 | Binge-Eating Disorder |
| D001068 | Feeding and Eating Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D012817 | Signs and Symptoms, Digestive |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| At week 6, 10, and up to 25 weeks (end of group treatment) |
| 10422602 | Result | Bulik CM, Sullivan PF, Carter FA, McIntosh VV, Joyce PR. Predictors of rapid and sustained response to cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 1999 Sep;26(2):137-44. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199909)26:23.0.co;2-n. |
| 7866415 | Result | Fairburn CG, Beglin SJ. Assessment of eating disorders: interview or self-report questionnaire? Int J Eat Disord. 1994 Dec;16(4):363-70. |
| 17659254 | Result | Grilo CM, Masheb RM. Rapid response predicts binge eating and weight loss in binge eating disorder: findings from a controlled trial of orlistat with guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy. Behav Res Ther. 2007 Nov;45(11):2537-50. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2007.05.010. Epub 2007 Jun 7. |
| 16822116 | Result | Grilo CM, Masheb RM, Wilson GT. Rapid response to treatment for binge eating disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Jun;74(3):602-13. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.74.3.602. |
| 21923964 | Result | Grilo CM, White MA, Wilson GT, Gueorguieva R, Masheb RM. Rapid response predicts 12-month post-treatment outcomes in binge-eating disorder: theoretical and clinical implications. Psychol Med. 2012 Apr;42(4):807-17. doi: 10.1017/S0033291711001875. Epub 2011 Sep 16. |
| 25622201 | Result | Grilo CM, White MA, Masheb RM, Gueorguieva R. Predicting meaningful outcomes to medication and self-help treatments for binge-eating disorder in primary care: The significance of early rapid response. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2015 Apr;83(2):387-94. doi: 10.1037/a0038635. Epub 2015 Jan 26. |
| 25800137 | Result | MacDonald DE, Trottier K, McFarlane T, Olmsted MP. Empirically defining rapid response to intensive treatment to maximize prognostic utility for bulimia nervosa and purging disorder. Behav Res Ther. 2015 May;68:48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2015.03.007. Epub 2015 Mar 17. |
| 17663617 | Result | Masheb RM, Grilo CM. Rapid response predicts treatment outcomes in binge eating disorder: implications for stepped care. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007 Aug;75(4):639-44. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.75.4.639. |
| 23580395 | Result | McFarlane TL, MacDonald DE, Royal S, Olmsted MP. Rapid and slow responders to eating disorder treatment: a comparison on clinically relevant variables. Int J Eat Disord. 2013 Sep;46(6):563-6. doi: 10.1002/eat.22136. Epub 2013 Apr 12. |
| 18473336 | Result | McFarlane T, Olmsted MP, Trottier K. Timing and prediction of relapse in a transdiagnostic eating disorder sample. Int J Eat Disord. 2008 Nov;41(7):587-93. doi: 10.1002/eat.20550. |
| 8704727 | Result | Olmsted MP, Kaplan AS, Rockert W, Jacobsen M. Rapid responders to intensive treatment of bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 1996 Apr;19(3):279-85. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199604)19:33.0.CO;2-J. |
| 25545720 | Result | Olmsted MP, MacDonald DE, McFarlane T, Trottier K, Colton P. Predictors of rapid relapse in bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2015 Apr;48(3):337-40. doi: 10.1002/eat.22380. Epub 2014 Dec 26. |
| 23913536 | Result | Raykos BC, Watson HJ, Fursland A, Byrne SM, Nathan P. Prognostic value of rapid response to enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy in a routine clinic sample of eating disorder outpatients. Int J Eat Disord. 2013 Dec;46(8):764-70. doi: 10.1002/eat.22169. Epub 2013 Aug 5. |
| 25462877 | Result | Thompson-Brenner H, Shingleton RM, Sauer-Zavala S, Richards LK, Pratt EM. Multiple measures of rapid response as predictors of remission in cognitive behavior therapy for bulimia nervosa. Behav Res Ther. 2015 Jan;64:9-14. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.11.004. Epub 2014 Nov 13. |
| 27084797 | Result | Vall E, Wade TD. Predictors of treatment outcome in individuals with eating disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 2016 Apr;49(4):432-3. doi: 10.1002/eat.22518. No abstract available. |
| 24123526 | Result | Vaz AR, Conceicao E, Machado PP. Early response as a predictor of success in guided self-help treatment for bulimic disorders. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2014 Jan;22(1):59-65. doi: 10.1002/erv.2262. Epub 2013 Oct 4. |
| 11952185 | Result | Wilson GT, Fairburn CC, Agras WS, Walsh BT, Kraemer H. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa: time course and mechanisms of change. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002 Apr;70(2):267-74. |
| 20869041 | Result | Zunker C, Peterson CB, Cao L, Mitchell JE, Wonderlich SA, Crow S, Crosby RD. A receiver operator characteristics analysis of treatment outcome in binge eating disorder to identify patterns of rapid response. Behav Res Ther. 2010 Dec;48(12):1227-31. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2010.08.007. Epub 2010 Sep 6. |