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Using an integrated approach, this study examines multiple eating traits concurrently under states of hunger and satiety. It examines the impact of short-term appetite and intake regulation on longer-term energy intake control and weight development in a cohort of ethnically diverse normal-weight and obese boys and girls with different familial predispositions to obesity.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caloric compensation | Experimental | Twenty-five minutes before breakfast, participants will be asked to consume in full one of two oatmeal preloads that will vary in ED. The order of preload conditions will be randomized across groups of children participating in the visits. |
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| Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) | Experimental | During both study visits, children's EAH will be assessed after lunch and again after dinner. The order of presenting the low and high ED snacks will be counterbalanced across meals. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % COMPX (low ED vs. high ED preload) | Behavioral |
| ||
| EAH (low ED vs. high ED snacks) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Percent caloric compensation index (%COMPX) | Baseline | |
| Appetite ratings assessed via Visual Analog Scales | Appetite ratings include self-reported perceived hunger, desire to eat, prospective consumption, and fullness. | Baseline |
| Total energy intake per day (number of calories consumed over 24-hours) | Number of calories consumed over 24-hours assessed via measured food intake in the laboratory and via parent-reported food intake at home. | Baseline |
| BMI z-score | Change from baseline BMI z-score at 1-year follow-up | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | Change from baseline waist circumference at 1-year follow-up | |
| Percentage body fat | Change from baseline percentage body fat at 1-year follow-up |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Eating in the absence of hunger (kcal) | Baseline (number of calories consumed from snacks) | |
| Home food environment | Baseline home food environment assessed using the Home Food Inventory |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tanja Kral, PhD | University of Pennsylvania | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 19104 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32289325 | Derived | Kral TVE, Moore RH, Chittams J, O'Malley L, Jones E, Quinn RJ, Fisher JO. Caloric compensation and appetite control in children of different weight status and predisposition to obesity. Appetite. 2020 Aug 1;151:104701. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104701. Epub 2020 Apr 11. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| Behavioral |
|
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |