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NOTE: This is the fourth of in total 7 sub-studies related to the Ethics Committee of the Canton of Bern Ref. No. KEK-BE 2016-00674. This sub-study includes 50 participants and 8 arms, in total 350 participants will be assessed in all 7 sub-studies.
General study information: This is a randomized, cross-over, quantitative study, which investigates physiological variables, mood, and affect of healthy participants in response to colored light exposure. The Participants take part in 5-8 arms and are exposed to colored light only, or are additionally asked to solve cognitive tasks during the colored light exposure. Primary aim is to measure the change in several physiological variables, mood, and affect during colored light exposure of 15 or 45 minutes. The risk for the participants is negligible and comparable to the risk during daily life.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Visible light exposure cognitive Red | Experimental | The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to red LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks. |
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| Visible light exposure cognitive Orange | Experimental | The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to orange LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks. |
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| Visible light exposure cognitive Yellow | Experimental | The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to yellow LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks. |
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| Visible light exposure cognitive Green | Experimental |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visible light exposure | Other | Subjects will be exposed to visible colored light for 15 minutes. The visible light will be generated by red-green-blue light emitting diodes light cans. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in cerebral tissue oxygen saturation during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) | |
| Change in cerebral hemoglobin concentrations during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) | |
| Change in variables of the heart rate variability during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) | |
| Change in variables of the electro-dermal activity during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) | |
| Change of the blood pressure during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) | |
| Change of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) | |
| Change of the respiration rate during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) | |
| Change of the heart rate during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in verbal fluency task performance during exposure to different colors. | A word repetition task will serve as control condition. | 1-4 weeks |
| Change in arithmetic task performance during exposure to different colors. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ursula Wolf, Prof. Dr. | University of Bern | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Bern, Institute of Complementary Medicine | Bern | 3012 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22259078 | Background | Weinzirl J, Wolf M, Nelle M, Heusser P, Wolf U. Colored light and brain and muscle oxygenation. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012;737:33-6. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-1566-4_5. No abstract available. | |
| 21666991 | Background | Weinzirl J, Wolf M, Heusser P, Nelle M, Wolf U. Effects of changes in colored light on brain and calf muscle blood concentration and oxygenation. ScientificWorldJournal. 2011 Jun 9;11:1216-25. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2011.118. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Link to further information on the study | View source |
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Access to research data and documents will be handled according to the Manifesto to advance Data Access and Research Transparency (DART) in Switzerland, formulated at the workshop on "Improving DART in Switzerland" in Bern, November 7th, 2014.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D053120 | Respiratory Aspiration |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to green LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks.
|
| Visible light exposure cognitive Cyan | Experimental | The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to cyan LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks. |
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| Visible light exposure cognitive Blue | Experimental | The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to blue LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks. |
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| Visible light exposure cognitive Violet | Experimental | The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to violet LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks. |
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| Visible light exposure cognitive White | Experimental | The participants will be tested for cognitive performance (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during exposure to white LED light at a fixed illuminance for 15 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will additionally perform hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks. |
|
| 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) |
| Change of the pulse-respiratory quotient during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | The pulse-respiratory quotient will be calculated as heart rate divided by the respiration rate. | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) |
| Change of the arterial oxygen saturation during colored light exposure compared with a baseline and a recovery period | 43 minutes (8 min baseline, 15 min colored light exposure, 20 min recovery) |
A word repetition task will serve as control condition.
| 1-4 weeks |
| Difference in brain activity evoked from the verbal fluency task for the different colored light conditions. | A word repetition task will serve as control condition. | 1-4 weeks |
| Difference in brain activity evoked from the arithmetic task for the different colored light conditions. | A word repetition task will serve as control condition. | 1-4 weeks |