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The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of a combined mirror therapy and task oriented/repetitive task training on upper extremity function of persons with hemiplegia due to cerebrovascular accident or stroke.
This case series was designed to to determine the effect of a mirror therapy and repetitive task training program on the weak arm and hand functioning due to the consequences of stroke. Mirror therapy is a type of therapy mirror reflection of the stronger arm and hand helps to promote reorganization of neurons. Studies have shown that mirror therapy is an effective adjunct to regular exercise and task-oriented therapy.
To qualify for this study, participants must meet the following criteria: 1) age 21 years or more; 2) first-time stroke with onset of at least 3 months; 3) slight movement of the weaker arm or /and hand; 3) stable physical and mental health; and 4) mentally capable and competent to make health care-related decisions and carry out a home program.
Participants were required to come to Quinnipiac University - North Haven campus to undergo mirror therapy training, in 45-60 minute sessions, twice a week for one month. They were also required to complete pre-testing before and post-testing after the mirror therapy program. In addition, they were required to carry-out a home program that includes the use of a mirror box and self-selected tasks. The home program required them to exercise and practice the use of their more affected arm and hand for at least 1-2 hours a day.
Participation was strictly voluntary. Participants were informed of the minimal risks involved as well as their options to continue or withdraw from the study upon initial consent. The study did not yield physical or mental harm to the participants.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| intervention arm | Experimental | participants received 4 weeks of mirror therapy and repetitive task training |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mirror therapy and repetitive task training | Behavioral |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Patient Specific Functional Scale | Patient Specific Functional Scale is a measure that involves self-rating of self-selected functional tasks | Change from baseline at 2 months |
| Change in Fugl Myer Motor Assessment | Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment is a clinical performance test of motor ability of the upper extremity | Change from baseline at 2 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Motor Activity Log | The Motor Activity Log is a self-reported measure that captures the amount of arm and hand use and perception of movement quality of the impaired upper limb | Change from baseline at 2 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29426386 | Derived | Bondoc S, Booth J, Budde G, Caruso K, DeSousa M, Earl B, Hammerton K, Humphreys J. Mirror Therapy and Task-Oriented Training for People With a Paretic Upper Extremity. Am J Occup Ther. 2018 Mar/Apr;72(2):7202205080p1-7202205080p8. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.025064. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020521 | Stroke |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000088762 | Mirror Movement Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |