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This multi-center, open-label, phase II randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the efficacy of docetaxel(T) combined with metronomic cyclophosphamide/capecitabine (mCX) followed by fluorouracil /epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (FEC) versus T followed by FEC as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treating women with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and to study the anti-tumor immune effect of metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 186 stage M0 TNBC patients who had a primary tumor > 2cm by imaging or an axillary lymph node > 2cm by imaging are randomly enrolled to receive neoadjuvant T combined with mCX (3 cycles) followed by FEC (3 cycles) or T (3cycles) followed by FEC (3 cycles) before surgery. The primary end point is pathological complete response (pCR) rate, and the secondary end points include: clinical response rate, toxicities, breast-conserving rate, Ki67 and CD31 reduction rate, changes in the percentages of peripheral blood or tumor microenvironmental regulatory T cells (Treg), T helper cells (Th), CD8+ T cell, and tumor-specific CTL, and changes in tumor microenvironmental immune cytokines. Once there is a significant statistical difference in terms of pCR rate between two groups, 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and 3-year overall survival (OS) will be included in the secondary end points. The aims of this study are to determine whether the neoadjuvant T combined with metronomic CX followed by FEC can significantly increase the pCR rate in TNBC with acceptable toxicity, and to explore the anti-tumor immune effect of metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| T+mCX followed by FEC | Experimental | Docetaxel 75mg/m2, iv, d1 + CTX 50 mg/d, po, d1-d21 + capecitabine 1200mg/m2/d, po, d1-d21 * 3 cycles (21 days per cycle) followed by fluorouracil 500mg/m2,iv,d1 + epirubicin 100mg/m2,iv,d1 + cyclophosphamide 500mg/m2,iv,d1 * 3 cycles (21 days per cycle) |
|
| T followed by FEC | Active Comparator | Docetaxel 100mg/m2, iv, d1 * 3 cycles (21 days per cycle) followed by fluorouracil 500mg/m2,iv,d1 + epirubicin 100mg/m2,iv,d1 + cyclophosphamide 500mg/m2,iv,d1 * 3 cycles (21 days per cycle) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Docetaxel | Drug | Docetaxel 75mg/m2, iv, d1 or 100mg/m2, iv, d1 |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pathological complete response (pCR) rate | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound response rate | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) | |
| Breast-conserving surgery rate | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
The patients signed the written informed consent
The patients present with non-metastatic unilateral invasive ER-negative (IHC<10%), PR-negative(IHC<10%), HER2-negative breast cancer with a primary breast tumor > 2cm by imaging or an axillary lymph node > 2cm by imaging.
18 years old< age < 70 years old.
The patients have no history of hormone therapy, chemotherapy, breast cancer surgery and radiotherapy.
The patients have normal cardiac functions by echocardiography.
The patients' ECOG scores are ≤2.
The patients can swallow pills.
The results of patients' blood tests are as follows:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510120 | China | ||
| Peking University Shenzhen Hospital |
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| Capecitabine | Drug | Capecitabine 1200mg/m2/d, po, d1-d21 |
|
|
| Cyclophosphamide (tablet) | Drug | Cyclophosphamide 50 mg/d, po, d1-d21 |
|
|
| Fluorouracil | Drug | Fluorouracil 500mg/m2, iv, d1 |
|
|
| Epirubicin | Drug | Epirubicin 100mg/m2, iv, d1 |
|
| Cyclophosphamide (injection) | Drug | Cyclophosphamide 500mg/m2, iv, d1 |
|
|
| Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0 | during on-neoadjuvant therapy period (defined as the period from the first dose of study medication up to 30 days of the last dose) |
| Tumor Ki67 reduction rate in relation to neoadjuvant therapy | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
| Tumor CD31 reduction rate in relation to neoadjuvant therapy | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
| Peripheral blood CD8+ T cell percentage change in relation to neoadjuvant therapy | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
| Peripheral blood regulatory T cell percentage change in relation to neoadjuvant therapy | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
| Peripheral blood tumor specific T cell (CTL) percentage change in relation to neoadjuvant therapy | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
| Peripheral blood T helper cell percentage change in relation to neoadjuvant therapy | at definitive surgery (20-24 weeks after the first dose of study medication) |
| Shenzhen |
| Guangdong |
| China |
| Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University | Changsha | Hunan | China |
| Xinjiang Medical School Cancer Hospital | Ürümqi | Xinjiang | 830000 | China |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077143 | Docetaxel |
| D000069287 | Capecitabine |
| D003520 | Cyclophosphamide |
| D013607 | Tablets |
| D005472 | Fluorouracil |
| D015251 | Epirubicin |
| D007267 | Injections |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D043823 | Taxoids |
| D043822 | Cyclodecanes |
| D003516 | Cycloparaffins |
| D006840 | Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D004224 | Diterpenes |
| D013729 | Terpenes |
| D003841 | Deoxycytidine |
| D003562 | Cytidine |
| D011741 | Pyrimidine Nucleosides |
| D011743 | Pyrimidines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D014498 | Uracil |
| D011744 | Pyrimidinones |
| D003853 | Deoxyribonucleosides |
| D009705 | Nucleosides |
| D009706 | Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides |
| D010752 | Phosphoramide Mustards |
| D009588 | Nitrogen Mustard Compounds |
| D009150 | Mustard Compounds |
| D006846 | Hydrocarbons, Halogenated |
| D063088 | Phosphoramides |
| D009943 | Organophosphorus Compounds |
| D004304 | Dosage Forms |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
| D004317 | Doxorubicin |
| D003630 | Daunorubicin |
| D018943 | Anthracyclines |
| D009279 | Naphthacenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
| D000617 | Aminoglycosides |
| D006027 | Glycosides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D004333 | Drug Administration Routes |
| D004358 | Drug Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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