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This study will compare the effect of acute consumption of two carbonated drinks, sweetened with sugar or with non-caloric sweeteners, over the insulin response of healthy adults who normally consumed foods or drinks that contain non-caloric sweeteners
During the last decades there has been a sustained increase in prevalence of overweight and obesity and, along with it, of chronic noncommunicable diseases. There have been addressed various management strategies, including sugar replacement for Non-caloric Artificial Sweeteners (NAS). Nevertheless, in several cohort studies it has found the opposite effect, it has observed associations between the consumption of NAS with greater weight gain and increased risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In clinical trials, in both humans and mice, there has been greater association with glucose intolerance, being 3 possible mechanisms: 1) dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota; 2) altered regulation of appetite cephalic phase and secretion of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1); and 3) increased intestinal glucose absorption via increased Sodium-Glucose Linked Transporter-1 (SGLT-1) and Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), transporters to glucose absorption.
In the following review the major findings in the literature regarding the consumption of NAS and its deleterious effects on human health will be studied.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sugar sweetened beverages | Experimental | Subjects will receive, in 3 different ocassions, 350cc (1 can) of a sugar sweetened beverage, that contain 38,7 grams of carbs and 154 kcal, separated by at least 1 week each one |
|
| Artificially sweetened beverage | Experimental | Subjects will receive, in 3 different ocassions, 350cc (1 can) of a artificially sweetened beverage, that contain 84 mg of Aspartame, 56 mg of Acesulfame K and 0,7 kcal, separated by at least 1 week each one |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sugar sweetened beverages | Dietary Supplement | 350 cc (1 can) of sugar sweetened beverage |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Insulin sensibility | One insulinemic curve will be conducted to assess the effect of consumption of artificially sweetened beverage on insulin response compared to the consumption of a sugar sweetened drink. | Measured at 6 intervals (3 times sugar sweetened beverages and 3 times artificially sweetened beverages), separated at least by 1 week from each other. All the tests must be assessed during 10 weeks utmost. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Glycemic response | One glycemic curve will be conducted to assess the effect of consumption of artificially sweetened beverage on glycemic response compared to the consumption of a sugar sweetened drink. | Measured at 6 intervals (3 times sugar sweetened beverages and 3 times artificially sweetened beverages), separated at least by 1 week from each other. All the tests must be assessed during 10 weeks utmost. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Romina A Goza Ferreira, Magister c | Contact | +56950088329 | rominagoza@gmail.com | |
| Sandra Hirsch Birn, Magister | Contact | +56229781495 | +56229781499 | shirsch@inta.uchile.cl |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Romina A Goza Ferreira, Magister c | Institute of Nutrition and Tecnology of Food, University of Chile | Principal Investigator |
| Sandra Hirsch Birn, Magister | Institute of Nutrition and Tecnology of Food, University of Chile |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute of Nutrition and Tecnology of Food, University of Chile | Recruiting | Santiago | Metropolitan Region | Chile |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23318721 | Background | Pan A, Malik VS, Hao T, Willett WC, Mozaffarian D, Hu FB. Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective cohort studies. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013 Oct;37(10):1378-85. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2012.225. Epub 2013 Jan 15. | |
| 21430119 | Background | de Koning L, Malik VS, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Hu FB. Sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverage consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jun;93(6):1321-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.007922. Epub 2011 Mar 23. |
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All the data is confidential and only will be show if ethics committee ask for it
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | May 15, 2017 | |
| Reset | Oct 6, 2017 | |
| Release | Dec 12, 2017 | |
| Reset | Oct 17, 2018 | |
| Release | Apr 30, 2019 | |
| Reset | Jul 12, 2019 |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 15, 2017 | Oct 6, 2017 | |||
| Dec 12, 2017 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| D018149 | Glucose Intolerance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000080845 | Sugar-Sweetened Beverages |
| D000081229 | Artificially Sweetened Beverages |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001628 | Beverages |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
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| Artificially sweetened beverages | Dietary Supplement | 350 cc (1 can) of artificially sweetened beverage |
|
|
| 19151203 | Background | Nettleton JA, Lutsey PL, Wang Y, Lima JA, Michos ED, Jacobs DR Jr. Diet soda intake and risk of incident metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Diabetes Care. 2009 Apr;32(4):688-94. doi: 10.2337/dc08-1799. Epub 2009 Jan 16. |
| 26095119 | Background | Pepino MY. Metabolic effects of non-nutritive sweeteners. Physiol Behav. 2015 Dec 1;152(Pt B):450-5. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.06.024. Epub 2015 Jun 19. |
| 23850261 | Background | Swithers SE. Artificial sweeteners produce the counterintuitive effect of inducing metabolic derangements. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Sep;24(9):431-41. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.05.005. Epub 2013 Jul 10. |
| 23088901 | Background | Feijo FM, Ballard CR, Foletto KC, Batista BAM, Neves AM, Ribeiro MFM, Bertoluci MC. Saccharin and aspartame, compared with sucrose, induce greater weight gain in adult Wistar rats, at similar total caloric intake levels. Appetite. 2013 Jan;60(1):203-207. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.10.009. Epub 2012 Oct 23. |
| 20303371 | Background | Anton SD, Martin CK, Han H, Coulon S, Cefalu WT, Geiselman P, Williamson DA. Effects of stevia, aspartame, and sucrose on food intake, satiety, and postprandial glucose and insulin levels. Appetite. 2010 Aug;55(1):37-43. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.03.009. Epub 2010 Mar 18. |
| 25231862 | Background | Suez J, Korem T, Zeevi D, Zilberman-Schapira G, Thaiss CA, Maza O, Israeli D, Zmora N, Gilad S, Weinberger A, Kuperman Y, Harmelin A, Kolodkin-Gal I, Shapiro H, Halpern Z, Segal E, Elinav E. Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota. Nature. 2014 Oct 9;514(7521):181-6. doi: 10.1038/nature13793. Epub 2014 Sep 17. |
| 25313461 | Background | Palmnas MS, Cowan TE, Bomhof MR, Su J, Reimer RA, Vogel HJ, Hittel DS, Shearer J. Low-dose aspartame consumption differentially affects gut microbiota-host metabolic interactions in the diet-induced obese rat. PLoS One. 2014 Oct 14;9(10):e109841. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109841. eCollection 2014. |
| 19808921 | Background | Brown RJ, Walter M, Rother KI. Ingestion of diet soda before a glucose load augments glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion. Diabetes Care. 2009 Dec;32(12):2184-6. doi: 10.2337/dc09-1185. Epub 2009 Oct 6. |
| 25271009 | Background | Temizkan S, Deyneli O, Yasar M, Arpa M, Gunes M, Yazici D, Sirikci O, Haklar G, Imeryuz N, Yavuz DG. Sucralose enhances GLP-1 release and lowers blood glucose in the presence of carbohydrate in healthy subjects but not in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Feb;69(2):162-6. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.208. Epub 2014 Oct 1. |
| 23633524 | Background | Pepino MY, Tiemann CD, Patterson BW, Wice BM, Klein S. Sucralose affects glycemic and hormonal responses to an oral glucose load. Diabetes Care. 2013 Sep;36(9):2530-5. doi: 10.2337/dc12-2221. Epub 2013 Apr 30. |
| Oct 17, 2018 |
| Apr 30, 2019 | Jul 12, 2019 |
| D006943 | Hyperglycemia |