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The investigators will consecutively recruit 5000 patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) from 50 hospitals across China and follow them up for one year, describe treatment patterns during hospitalization and the follow-ups, examine patients recovery trajectory after HF, and identify targets for care quality improvement.
This study will consecutively enroll patients with HF as the primary reason for hospitalization in 50 hospitals scattered all over China. Participants will be interviewed at baseline (i.e., during the index hospitalization for HF), and at 1, 6, and 12 months following hospital discharge. During the follow-up period, participants will be instructed to return to the hospital for interviews by site investigators. Telephone follow-ups will be conducted only when in-person interviews are not feasible.
At baseline, participants will be interviewed to collect detailed information about on demographics, socioeconomic status, cardiovascular risk factors, clinical characteristics, treatments, in-hospital outcomes, general and disease-specific quality of life, function and mental status; during the follow-ups, the investigators will collect information about clinical outcomes events, long-term treatments, function, quality of life, symptoms, and medical care during the recovery period.
The investigators will collect blood and urine samples during index hospitalization and the follow-ups.
This study will examine a series of factors that may affect patients' recovery after HF. Practical guidelines, quality evaluative system, and risk model will be established based on the findings, to improve patient outcomes in the future.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observational study | Other | This is a non-interventional study, patients receive their usual treatment as determined by the physician. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Major adverse cardiac events | Major adverse cardiac events is defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, resuscitated sudden death, HF-related rehospitalization, myocardial infarction, stroke, and incident atrial fibrillation. | 1 year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Death | Cardiovascular death and non-cardiovascular death | 1 year |
| Rehospitalization | HF-related and non HF-related | 1 year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Length of stay in hospital | For index hospitalization and accumulative during follow-up | 1 year |
| Length of stay in ICU/CCU for index hospitalization | Duration of hospitalization, average of 10 days |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patient with primary reason for admission of heart failure, aged 18 years or above
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jing Li, MD, PhD | Contact | +86 (10) 6086 6077 | jing.li@fwoxford.org | |
| Yuan Yu, MD | Contact | +86 17801013954 | yuan.yu@fwoxford.org |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jing Li, MD, PhD | China National Center for Cardiovascular Disease | Principal Investigator |
| Harlan M Krumholz, MD, SM | Yale University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xinxiang Central Hospital | Recruiting | Xinxiang | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40693625 | Derived | Li J, Lei L, Wang W, Li Y, Yu Y, Pu B, Peng Y, Huo X, Zhang L. Patient-reported health status vs . N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients with acute heart failure. Chin Med J (Engl). 2025 Nov 20;138(22):2955-2962. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003555. Epub 2025 Jul 22. | |
| 38290578 | Derived |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006333 | Heart Failure |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019370 | Observation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008722 | Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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Retention: Samples With DNA Description: the investigators will collect plasma, serum, DNA, RNA, and urine at baseline and during follow-ups.
| Resuscitated sudden death | 1 year |
| Myocardial infarction | 1 year |
| Stroke | 1 year |
| Incident atrial fibrillation | 1 year |
| Incident renal insufficiency | 1 year |
| Quality of life (EQ-5D) | 1 year |
| Quality of life for HF (KCCQ-12) | 1 year |
| Depression (PHQ-8) | 1 year |
| Stress (PSS-4) | 1 year |
| Anxiety (GAD-2) | 1 year |
| Function of cognition (Mini-cog) | 1 year |
| Recurrent hospitalizations during study period | 1 year |
| Invasive procedures | 1 year |
| Prescription of proven therapies during hospitalization among ideal patients | Prescription of proven therapies (for HF medications, including dosage) during hospitalization among ideal patients (with indication and without contraindication) | Duration of hospitalization, average of 10 days |
| Use of proven therapies during follow-up among ideal patients | Use of proven therapies (for HF medications, including dosage) during follow-up among ideal patients (with indication and without contraindication) | 1 year |
| Zhang L, Wang W, Peng Y, He G, Ji R, Lei L, Li J, Pu B, Liu Y, Yu Y, Zhang H. Associations of cumulative depressive symptoms within 1-year of discharge with subsequent mortality among patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: Findings from The China PEACE Prospective Heart Failure Study. J Affect Disord. 2024 Apr 15;351:299-308. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.245. Epub 2024 Jan 28. |
| 37776214 | Derived | Zhang L, He G, Huo X, Tian A, Ji R, Pu B, Peng Y. Long-Term Cumulative High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Mortality Among Patients With Acute Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023 Oct 3;12(19):e029386. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.029386. Epub 2023 Sep 30. |
| 37421271 | Derived | Zhang L, Ji R, He G, Tian A, Huo X, Zheng Y, Qi L, Mi Y, Yan X, Wang B, Lei L, Li J, Liu J, Li J. Individual Trajectories of Health Status During the First Year of Discharge From Hospitalization for Heart Failure and Their Associations With Death in the Following Years. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023 Jul 18;12(14):e028782. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.122.028782. Epub 2023 Jul 8. |
| 36515248 | Derived | Wang B, Lei L, Zhang H, Miao F, Zhang L, Tian A, Li J. Change in Depressive Symptoms During the First Month of Discharge and 1-Year Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 Dec 20;11(24):e027438. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.122.027438. Epub 2022 Dec 14. |
| 34982055 | Derived | Xing F, Zheng X, Zhang L, Hu S, Bai X, Hu D, Li B, Li J. Discharge heart rate and 1-year clinical outcomes in heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation. Chin Med J (Engl). 2022 Jan 5;135(1):52-62. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001768. |
| 33516189 | Derived | Tian J, Zhao J, Zhang Q, Ren J, Han L, Li J, Zhang Y, Han Q. Assessment of chronic disease self-management in patients with chronic heart failure based on the MCID of patient-reported outcomes by the multilevel model. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021 Jan 30;21(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12872-021-01872-3. |
| 30782925 | Derived | Huang X, Yu Y, Li X, Masoudi FA, Spertus JA, Yan X, Krumholz HM, Jiang L, Li J. The China Patient-centred Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) prospective heart failure study design. BMJ Open. 2019 Feb 19;9(2):e025144. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025144. |