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Patients with unresectable liver metastases (LM) from colorectal cancer (CRC)have a poor prognosis. In patients with resectable disease, surgery offers a distinct survival benefit. This study will offer live donor liver transplantation (LDLT) to select patients with unresectable metastases that are 1) limited to the liver and 2) stable (non-progressing) on standard chemotherapy. Potential participants will be evaluated for liver transplant suitability and must also have a willing, healthy living donor come forward for evaluation. Those participants who undergo LDLT will be followed for survival, disease-free survival and quality of life for 5 years and compared to a "control group" of participants who drop out of study prior to transplantation due to reasons other than cancer progression.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Approximately half of all patients develop metastases, often to the liver or lung. Surgical treatment of liver metastases (LM) is the only curative treatment option; however, it has been estimated that only 20-40% of patients are candidates for liver resection. Surgery offers a distinct survival advantage: the 5-year survival after liver resection for LM is around 40-50% in most studies versus 10-20% 5-year survival for chemotherapy alone.
In cases where the colorectal metastases are isolated to the liver but "unresectable", the total hepatectomy resulting from liver transplantation would remove all evident disease. CRC LM are considered an absolute contraindication for liver transplantation (LT) at most centers but recent reports of LT for colorectal LM from a single center in Oslo, Norway demonstrated a 5-year survival of 56%. The Norway study was not stringent about inclusion criteria or pre-transplant chemotherapy, and transplanted patients whose tumors were actively growing. As a result many participants developed disease recurrence quite rapidly following transplant. The investigators hypothesize that tighter criteria would result in improved outcomes.
Unfortunately, with a lack of deceased donor grafts for the investigators existing transplant patients, the investigators cannot utilize decease donor grafts for this study. Therefore the investigators will explore Living Donor Liver Transplantation (LDLT). Furthermore, LDLT is an elective surgery, allowing for more control over pre-transplant chemotherapy and tumor monitoring. This study will offer live donor liver transplantation (LDLT) to select patients with unresectable metastases that are 1) limited to the liver and 2) stable (non-progressing) on standard chemotherapy. Potential participants will be evaluated for liver transplant suitability and must also have a willing, healthy living donor come forward for evaluation. Those participants who undergo LDLT will be followed for survival, disease-free survival and quality of life for 5 years and compared to a "control group" of participants who drop out of study prior to transplantation due to reasons other than cancer progression.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| transplantation | Experimental | Live donor liver transplantation for the treatment of unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| live donor liver transplantation | Procedure | live donor liver transplantation |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| patient survival | 5 years | |
| disease-free survival | 5 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| patterns of cancer recurrence after liver transplantation | 5 years | |
| types of cancer recurrence treatments | 5 years | |
| Number of participants that drop out of study prior to receiving intervention (transplantation surgery) due to chemotherapy-related adverse events, as assessed by CTCAE v4.0 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erin Winter, BSc | Contact | 416-340-4800 | 6093 | erin.winter@uhn.ca |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gonzalo Sapisochin, MD | University Health Network, Toronto | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toronto General Hospital | Recruiting | Toronto | Ontario | M5G 2N2 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37130158 | Derived | Rajendran L, Claasen MP, McGilvray ID, Cattral MS, Ghanekar A, Selzner N, Burkes R, Winter E, Gallinger S, Sapisochin G. Toronto Management of Initially Unresectable Liver Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer in a Living Donor Liver Transplant Program. J Am Coll Surg. 2023 Aug 1;237(2):231-242. doi: 10.1097/XCS.0000000000000734. Epub 2023 May 3. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015179 | Colorectal Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007414 | Intestinal Neoplasms |
| D005770 | Gastrointestinal Neoplasms |
| D004067 | Digestive System Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
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| prior to liver transplantation |
| self-reported quality of life as assessed by EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire | Compare the QoL of participants undergoing intervention vs participants that drop-out (for non cancer related reasons and are thereafter receiving palliative chemotherapy) | 6 month intervals for 5 years |
| survival of intervention vs standard treatment | Compare the 1-, 3- and 5- year survival of patients that undergo intervention with those that drop-out of the study (due to non-cancer related reasons and receive standard chemotherapy) | 1-, 3- and 5 years |
| patient survival | 1 year |
| patient survival | 3 years |
| disease-free survival | 1 year |
| disease-free survival | 3 years |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D005767 | Gastrointestinal Diseases |
| D003108 | Colonic Diseases |
| D007410 | Intestinal Diseases |
| D012002 | Rectal Diseases |