Recent reports show increased prevalence of obesity in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DP)s while some studies stated that patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DPs) have islet cell auto-antibodies. These results raise the question of a common pathway in T1DM and T2DM via an association with T helper cells. In this study investigators aimed to investigate the difference between T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines levels in T1DPs, T2DPs and healthy subjects.

The study included 114 T1DPs on insulin treatment, 35 newly diagnosed T2DPs who had not used oral antidiabetics but insulin before and 31 healthy subjects (CG).

Serum interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured using ELISA method. Serum levels of those cytokines in T1DPs were compared with those in T2DPs and controls.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being >18 years old
• Giving consent to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute and chronic inflammatory diseases
• significant concomitant disease likely to interfere with glucose metabolism,
• malignancies,
• hemoglobinopathies,
• In addition, glucose intolerance (fasting glucose level and that after glucose load) and HbA1C ≥ 5.7 % were also used exclusion criteria in the control group, group as American Diabetes Association (ADA) defined prediabetes as HbA1C between 5.7-6.4% (Standards of medical care in diabetes -2012. Diabetes care. 2012:35.)

The study included 114 T1DPs on insulin treatment, 35 newly diagnosed T2DPs who had not used oral antidiabetics but insulin before and 31 healthy subjects (CG).