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Emergence agitation (EA) is highly prevalent in children after surgery. Risk factors for EA are Eye, nose and throat (ENT) surgery, preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain. There are several preventive strategies but none of them completely prevent EA.
Topical application of ropivacaine can reduce post-tonsillectomy pain. Therefore, it might reduce the incidence of postoperative EA.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal Saline | Placebo Comparator | 1*2 gauze is soaked with 5 cc of 0.9 % normal saline, applied in tonsillar fossae for 3 min, then removed. |
|
| Ropivacaine | Experimental | 1*2 gauze is soaked with 5 cc of 0.75% ropivacaine, applied in tonsillar fossae for 3 min, then removed. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| normal saline | Drug | 1*2 gauze is soaked with 5 cc of 0.9 % normal saline, applied in tonsillar fossae for 3 min, then removed. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Paediatric anesthesia emergence delirium scale (PAED) score at PACU admission | PAED score is assessed | 1 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Face legs activity cry consolability (FLACC) score | FLACC score is assessed. | 1 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| PAED score 10 min after PACU admission | 10 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go Un Roh, MD | Contact | 82-31-219-6435 | gone7968@aumc.ac.kr |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014069 | Tonsillitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010612 | Pharyngitis |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D010608 | Pharyngeal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| D000077212 | Ropivacaine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077324 | Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
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| ropivacaine | Drug | 1*2 gauze is soaked with 5 cc of 0.75% ropivacaine, applied in tonsillar fossae for 3 min, then removed. |
|
| PAED score 20 min after PACU admission | 20 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| PAED score 30 min after PACU admission | 30 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| FLACC score 10 min after PACU admission | 10 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| FLACC score 20 min after PACU admission | 20 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| FLACC score 30 min after PACU admission | 30 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| D009057 |
| Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D010038 | Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases |
| D000813 |
| Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 | Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |