Is There a Relationship Between Hyperlipidemia and Periodontitis?

Is There a Relationship Between Hyperlipidemia and Periodontitis?

The aim of present study is to investigate any relationship between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease regarding the periodontal parameters and plasma lipid parameters, along with age, gender, brushing habit, body mass index, dietary habit, physical activity, alcohol consumption.

In this cross sectional study, a total of 160 individuals were divided into two groups based on their metabolic status: hyperlipidemic group (n=97) and normolipidemic group (n=63). Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) clinical parameters and community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) scores were measured. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels had been determined previously during individuals routine systemic examinations. Daily brushing habits and interdental cleaning together with dietary habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity levels were also recorded.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subjects having no periodontal treatment within previous 6 months,
• number of natural teeth ≥ 10,
• no history of cancer and systemic disease that affects lipid levels or periodontium,
• no history of medical treatment for hyperlipidemia, BMI< 30 kg/m2,
• no pregnancy,
• no history of systemic antibiotic treatment within previous 3 months,
• no smoking.

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients with history of systemic disease that affects lipid metabolism or periodontal disease
• history of medical treatment for hyperlipidemia
• pregnancy, lactation or hormone replacement therapy at the time of study
• use of any other drug known to affect lipid metabolism or periodontal disease
• systemic infection or any history of systemic antibiotic treatment in previous 3 months
• smokers as well as ex-smokers