Evaluate the feasibility of an autologous cell preparation composed of a mixture of cells enriched for endothelial progenitor cells (EnEPCs) and multipotent adult hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) (BGC101), in the treatment of patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease (PAD) with critical limb ischemia (CLI) who have not responded to optimal pharmacological treatment or control of risk factors and/or had a revascularization failure, and do not have the option of further revascularization treatment.

BGC101 is designed to treat peripheral vascular disease in patients suffering from Critical Leg Ischemia (CLI) also referred to as chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI).

This part of the study is designed as a placebo double-blind randomized controlled trial (CRT) assessing the safety and efficacy of BGC101 in 45 eligible subjects in 2 Arms: Arm A: BGC101 treatment and Arm B: Placebo treatment. The Arm A:Arm B ratio is 2:1 A single dose treatment of the personalized cells by intramuscular injections into the affected leg takes less than 10 minutes.

Cells from a standard blood draw (with no pre-treatment, bone marrow aspiration, mobilization or apheresis) are transformed, within a day, into the investigational medicinal product BGC101.

BGC101, intended for autologous use, is a 'ready-to-use' cell suspension in prefilled syringes.

Inclusion criteria:

1. Able to complete the study and comply with instructions.

2. Capable of understanding the purpose of the study and the contents of the informed consent form.

3. Aged at least 18 years.

4. Non-pregnant and non-lactating female patients.

5. Have the clinical indications diagnostic of CLI based on Rutherford category 4-5

6. Have at least one of the hemodynamic indicators of severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease (WIfI ischemia grade 2):

   • Toe pressure < 40 mmHg
   • Ankle pressure < 70 mmHg
   • TcPO2 < 40mmHg

7. Meeting one of the following conditions:

   1. Poor candidate for standard revascularization treatment for peripheral arterial disease due to unfavorable anatomy or high surgical/intervention risk based on the patient's underlying comorbidities.

   2. After undergoing clinically ineffective revascularization. Six weeks or more after undergoing a prior index limb revascularization the patient demonstrates:

      • No improvement in clinical signs and symptoms of CLI as evidenced by lack of improvement in rest pain (when not under increased pain relief) and/or inadequate wound healing or progression of tissue loss despite adequate standard treatment.
      • Ongoing ischemia as defined above in the inclusion criterion 6.
      • The patient is no longer amenable to further interventional or surgical revascularization (see inclusion criterion 7c below).

   3. Four weeks or more after a revascularization failure.

      • Technical Failure of the revascularization (inability to successfully cross or treat the intended target arterial path, thrombosis of the bypass graft or treated artery within 7 days of procedure)
      • Hemodynamic Failure of the revascularization (lack of improvement in toe pressure, ankle pressure, or TcPO2) post-procedure

Exclusion criteria:

1. Severe uncorrected aorto-iliac and/or common femoral artery disease, absent of femoral pulse or monophasic common femoral artery Doppler waveform.
2. Concurrent therapy that, in the Investigator's opinion, would interfere with the evaluation of the feasibility of the study medication.
3. Treatment with any investigational product within the last 6 months or enrollment in any active study involving the use of investigational devices or drugs.
4. Presence of any other condition or circumstance that, in the judgment of the investigator, might negatively impact the outcomes of the treatment under investigation.
5. Prognosis of a major amputation (below or above the knee), within 4 weeks after screening.
6. Severe wound (WIfI wound grade 2 or 3).
7. Significant ongoing infection (WIfI infection grade 2 or 3).
8. Relative or absolute contraindications for intramuscular injections at the intended treatment site, in cases such as severe skin lesions, severe edema or morbid obesity, based on clinician opinion.
9. Patient suffering from active vasculitis
10. Blood transfusions during the preceding 4 weeks (to exclude the potential of non-autologous cells in the harvested blood).
11. Hemoglobin (Hb) less than 9 g/dL.
12. Patient with HbA1C > 8.5%
13. Myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction , uncontrolled myocardial ischemia or persistent severe heart failure (ejection fraction [EF] < 25%) during the preceding 3 months.
14. Heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] 3-4).
15. Significant valvular disease or less than 4 weeks after valve replacement or repair
16. Renal failure (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] < 30 mL/min/1.73 m², chronic kidney damage stage 4-5).
17. Liver failure, Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores 15 and higher.
18. Liver function tests more than three times normal upper limit (normal limits being defined in each local laboratory) (glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [GOT], glutamic-pyruvic transaminase [GPT], alkaline phosphatase [AlkP], gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]).
19. Abnormal coagulation tests when not under warfarin (normalized prothrombin time [PT INR] >2).
20. Pregnant or lactating women at entry of study.
21. People who are unwilling to agree to use acceptable methods of contraception during the study.
22. Malignancy within the preceding 3 years, except basal cell carcinoma.
23. Concurrent acute infectious disease with septicemia
24. Chronic infectious disease (human immunodeficiency virus-1 [HIV-1], human immunodeficiency virus-2 [HIV-2], hepatitis B virus [HBV], hepatitis C virus [HCV]).
25. Immunodeficiency syndrome.
26. Raynaud's syndrome
27. Systemic treatment with cytotoxic and/or immunosuppressive treatment.
28. Inability to communicate (that may interfere with the clinical evaluation of the patient).
29. Patient unlikely to be available for follow-up.

the study will be double-blind for treatment allocation. Both BGC101 and placebo are supplied fresh in 5 mL ready-to use-syringes. Both BGC101 and placebo will be prepared by an unblinded trained personnel (external to the study staff members) who will not take part in the treatment and / or assessment of the patient. The patient will also be blinded and the investigator will delegate the unblinded and blinded staff in order to perform study procedures in a double-blind manner