The primary objectives of this study are to identify what outcomes related to the management of neutropenia are most important to children with AML and their caregivers. Patients who have completed treatment for AML and their caregivers will be interviewed in order to better understand the impact of neutropenia management on children with AML and their families. The primary outcome of these interviews is to identify patient-centered outcomes related to neutropenia management to include in a subsequent comparative-effectiveness analysis. Investigators will use these data to develop a structured survey for administration to prospectively identified patients in subsequent studies.

Treatment for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) involves intensive chemotherapy regimens that result in periods of profound neutropenia leaving patients susceptible to severe infectious complications. There are little clinical data to inform whether management of neutropenia post AML chemotherapy should occur in an outpatient or inpatient setting. Further, no studies have been conducted that assess the impact of neutropenia management strategy on the quality of life of pediatric patients with AML. Given that infectious complications are the leading cause of treatment related mortality among AML patients, it is important to identify the neutropenia management strategy that will lead to the best clinician- and patient- identified outcomes in order to improve the care of these patients.

This is a qualitative interview study where interviews of patients and/or caregivers will be performed. Participants will be patients less than 19 years of age at diagnosis (and their caregivers) receiving or having received chemotherapy for AML from eleven participating pediatric hospitals across the United States. Participants (children and caregivers) will be interviewed in an effort to develop a survey that captures patient- and caregiver- identified outcomes related to neutropenia management.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. To be enrolled in this study, patients must be:

   • A male or female between 8 and 22 years of age
   • Have a diagnosis of AML
   • Be either within 6-12 months of completion of the second course of chemotherapy for AML OR out of AML therapy for up to 3 years

2. To be enrolled in this study, caregivers must be:

   • A male or female 18 years of age or older
   • Be the parent/legal guardian of a child that meets the inclusion criteria detailed above (#1) OR
   • Be the parent/legal guardian of a male or female child younger than 8 years of age with AML and who is within 6-12 months of completion of their second course of chemotherapy
   • Be the parent/legal guardian of a male or female child younger than 8 years of age with AML and who is out of AML therapy for up to 3 years

3. Parental/guardian informed consent and, if appropriate, child assent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1) None

Study population will consist of patients who are less than 19 years of age at the time of diagnosis (and their caregivers) receiving or having received chemotherapy for AML.

Only aggregate level data will be shared with the study sponsor Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI).

Data werenot collected for caregivers.

Adverse events were not collected while interviews were being conducted. Interviews were conducted when a patient was within 6-12 months of the completion of their second course of chemotherapy or up to 3 years out following the completion of all their frontline AML chemotherapy. The time relative to treatment, therefore, varied by family.

There is no study intervention; this is a qualitative interview study only, thus adverse events were a non-issue and not monitored or assessed.