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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Monash University | OTHER |
| The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity | OTHER |
| University of Sao Paulo | OTHER |
| Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health |
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Vaccines can have non-targeted or heterologous (also called non-specific) immunological effects on the immune system i.e. effects other than inducing an immune response against the disease targeted by the vaccine. This trial aims to evaluate the non-specific immunological effects of two vaccines - diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTP) vaccine and seasonal influenza vaccine - in a cohort of elderly humans (>65 years of age) and healthy adult control subjects (30-50 years).
This prospective randomised study aims to investigate the heterologous immunological effects of DTP and seasonal influenza (Flu) vaccination in an elderly Tasmanian population and healthy adults. The study will assess whether prior or concurrent administration of DTP with seasonal Flu vaccination affects generalised inflammation / immune homeostasis and gene expression, with a particular focus of inflammation reactive cells. It will also analyse for effects of DTP on the induction of vaccine-specific immunity to seasonal influenza vaccination (antibodies and cellular). Volunteers will be randomised to one of three vaccine groups and serial blood samples taken for immunological assays for up to 30 weeks.
The study is exploratory and will investigate vaccine effects on multiple immune parameters.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Active Comparator | Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine administered day 0, followed by seasonal influenza vaccination four weeks later. Blood testing to occur day 0 (prior to vaccine administration), 24 hours, 1 week, 4 weeks, 4 weeks + 24 hours, 5 weeks, 8 weeks and 30 weeks. Stool samples to be taken at day 0 and 1 week post-vaccination. |
|
| Group 2 | Active Comparator | Seasonal influenza vaccine administered on day 0, to be offered DTP vaccine at week 26. Blood testing to occur day 0 (prior to vaccine administration), 24 hours, 1 week 1, 4 weeks and 26 weeks. Stool samples to be taken at day 0 and 1 week post-vaccination. |
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| Group 3 | Active Comparator | Seasonal influenza vaccine and DTP vaccine administered together on day 0. Blood testing to occur day 0 (prior to vaccine administration), 24 hours, 1 week 1, 4 weeks and 26 weeks. Stool samples to be taken at day 0 and 1 week post-vaccination. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seasonal influenza vaccine | Biological | Intramuscular standard seasonal influenza vaccine |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of inflammation reactive TNFR2+ regulatory T cells per mL of blood | Change over time in different vaccine groups of Tregs measured by flow cytometry. | 24 hours, 1 week, 4 weeks and 26 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Whole human genome transcription profile by next generation sequencing in log2 expression levels | Differential gene expression 24 hours after vaccination compared to baseline, and vaccine groups compared to see which genes / pathways are affected. Differential transcription determined for each gene, then analysed using modular analysis tools to determine vaccine effects. | 24 hours |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kathryn Ogden, MPH FRACGP | Contact | +61 3 6777 8790 | kathryn.ogden@utas.edu.au | |
| Jane Niekamp | Contact | research@cliffordcraig.org.au |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Katie Flanagan, PhD FRACP | Clifford Craig Medical Research Trust | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clifford Craig Foundation | Recruiting | Launceston | Tasmania | 7250 | Australia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24864348 | Background | Meeting of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization, April 2014 -- conclusions and recommendations. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2014 May 23;89(21):221-36. No abstract available. English, French. | |
| 21118875 | Background | Aaby P, Martins CL, Garly ML, Bale C, Andersen A, Rodrigues A, Ravn H, Lisse IM, Benn CS, Whittle HC. Non-specific effects of standard measles vaccine at 4.5 and 9 months of age on childhood mortality: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2010 Nov 30;341:c6495. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c6495. |
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The transcriptome data will be de-identified and deposited in a pubic database. The de-identified microbiome data may well also be made publically available.
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| OTHER |
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| Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine | Biological | Intramuscular DTaP vaccine |
|
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| Influenza-specific antibody titres to seasonal influenza vaccination | Change over time in the different vaccine groups of titres measured by haemagglutination inhibition assay. | 4 weeks and 26 weeks |
| Pro-inflammatory (TNF) to anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine ratio in stimulated blood in pg/mL | Change in TNF:IL-10 ratio post-vaccination over time as measured by cytokine multiplex assay of anti-CD3 stimulated PBMC. | 24 hours, 1 week, 4 weeks and 26 weeks |
| Influenza-specific IFN-g CD4 T cell responses to seasonal influenza vaccination in pg/mL | Change over time in the different vaccine groups of IFN-g levels in supernatants from CD4 T cells cultured with live influenza virus | 4 weeks and 26 weeks |
| 24570246 | Background | Sorup S, Benn CS, Poulsen A, Krause TG, Aaby P, Ravn H. Live vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella and the risk of hospital admissions for nontargeted infections. JAMA. 2014 Feb 26;311(8):826-35. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.470. |
| 22619263 | Background | Aaby P, Benn C, Nielsen J, Lisse IM, Rodrigues A, Ravn H. Testing the hypothesis that diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine has negative non-specific and sex-differential effects on child survival in high-mortality countries. BMJ Open. 2012 May 22;2(3):e000707. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000707. Print 2012. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007252 | Influenza Vaccines |
| D022681 | Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014765 | Viral Vaccines |
| D014612 | Vaccines |
| D001688 | Biological Products |
| D045424 | Complex Mixtures |
| D010567 | Pertussis Vaccine |
| D001428 | Bacterial Vaccines |
| D004168 | Diphtheria Toxoid |
| D014121 | Toxoids |
| D013745 | Tetanus Toxoid |
| D017778 | Vaccines, Combined |
| D022282 | Vaccines, Acellular |
| D022223 | Vaccines, Subunit |
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