Post Traumatic Symptom Severity Self Report (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Three questions representing the three new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 (DSM5) criteria for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder were added. Each of the 20 items describe Post Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms which participants rate in terms of their frequency or severity using a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Higher scores represent greater symptom severity and worsening of symptoms. The range of scores is 0 - 60.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based interview method to prompt recall of frequency of drinking alcohol and/or using substances over a given time period. Participants are asked to report any days in which they used alcohol and/or other substances (cannabis, stimulants,opioids, cocaine, sedatives) during a given time period. The mean percent of days reporting use of alcohol (Percent Days Drinking:PDD) and/or substances ( Percent Days Using Substances:PDU) for those individuals who attended the end of study visit (n=60) and reported any use during treatment is reported here. The time period includes the 8 weeks from baseline to end of the treatment intervention.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is an interview using a calendar based method to prompt recall for frequency of alcohol and substance (cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) use over a given time period. Participants are asked to report any days in which they used alcohol and/or other substances (cannabis, stimulants,opioids, cocaine, sedatives) during a given time period. The mean percent of days reporting use of alcohol (PDD) and/or substances (PDU: cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) for those who attended the 3 month follow-up visit (n=53) and reported use of any alcohol and substances at the 3 month follow-up visit is reported here.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is an interview using a calendar based method to prompt recall for obtaining frequency of alcohol and/or substance (cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) use over a given time period. Participants are asked to report any days in which they used alcohol and/or other substances (cannabis, stimulants,opioids, cocaine, sedatives) during a given time period. The mean percent of days reporting use of alcohol (PDD) and/or substances (PDU: cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) for those who attended the 6 month follow-up visit (n=52) and reported any use of alcohol and/or substances at the 6 month follow-up visit is reported here.

Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based method that allows a clinician to get a quantitative amount of an individual's daily drinking during a given period of time. Participants are asked about the number of drinks they consumed on the days that they drank. The mean number of standard alcohol drinks per drinking day (DDD) for those individuals who reported any drinking days during treatment from baseline to end of treatment (n=26) is reported.

Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based method that allows a clinician to obtain a quantitative amount of an individual's daily drinking during a given period of time. Participants are asked about the number of drinks they consumed on the days that they drank.The mean number of standard alcohol drinks per drinking day (DDD) for those individuals who reported any drinking from the end of treatment to the 3 month follow-up visit (n=18) is reported.

Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based method that allows a clinician to obtain a quantitative amount of an individual's daily drinking during a given period of time. Participants are asked about the number of drinks they consumed on the days that they drank. The mean number of standard alcohol drinks per drinking day (DDD) for those participants who attended the 6 month follow-up visit who reported any drinking from the 3 month follow-up to the 6 month follow-up visit (n=20) is reported.

The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 24 item self report scale that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It is comprised of aspects of mindfulness such as observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity. Item ratings range from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often true or always true) and items are summed for a total score ranging from 0-120. Higher scores represent higher levels of mindfulness. Total scores for participants who attended the 8 week end of study visit (N=60) are reported here.

The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 24 item self report scale that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It is comprised of aspects of mindfulness such as observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity. Item ratings range from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often true or always true) and items are summed for a total score ranging from 0-120. Higher scores represent higher levels of mindfulness. Total scores for participants who attended the 3 month follow-up visit (n=53) are reported here.

The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 24 item self report scale that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It is comprised of aspects of mindfulness such as observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity. Item ratings range from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often true or always true) and items are summed for a total score ranging from 0-120. Higher scores represent higher levels of mindfulness. Total scores for participants who attended the 6 month follow-up visit (n=52) are reported here.

The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report measure developed to assess clinically significant difficulties in emotion regulation. Responses range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) with higher scores indicating greater difficulties in emotion regulation. The range of scores is 0 to 180 and item scores are summed for a total score. Total scores for participants who attended the 8 week end of study visit (N=60) are reported here.

The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report measure developed to assess clinically significant difficulties in emotion regulation. Responses range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) with higher scores indicating greater difficulties in emotion regulation. The range of scores is 0 to 180 and item scores are summed for a total score. Total scores for participants who attended the 3 month visit (N=53) are reported here.

The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report measure developed to assess clinically significant difficulties in emotion regulation. Responses range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) with higher scores indicating greater difficulties in emotion regulation. The range of scores is 0 to 180 and item scores are summed for a total score. Total scores for participants who attended the 6 month visit (N=52) are reported here.

Women will only receive treatment as usual (TAU less trauma focused group).

Total of all reporting groups

The Clinician-Administered Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale (CAPS-5) is a 20 item structured interview that assesses the frequency and severity of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms on a scale of 0 (absent) to 4 (extreme/incapacitating). Participants are asked to rate the frequency and severity of the symptoms they are experiencing. Scores are summed for a total score and higher scores represent higher symptom severity. Score range is 0-80. Mean baseline total scores are reported here.

Post Traumatic Symptom Severity Self Report (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Three questions representing new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 (DSM5) criteria for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder were added. The 20 items describe symptom frequency and severity on a scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Higher scores represent greater symptom severity and worsening of symptoms. The range of scores is 0 - 60. Mean baseline total scores are reported here.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is an interview using a calendar method to prompt recall of any use of alcohol and/or other substances including cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives over a given period of time. Participants are asked to recall the number of days they used alcohol and/or other substances such that the percent days using over a given period of time can be calculated. The baseline time period represents 60 days prior to enrollment.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is an interview using a calendar method to prompt recall of frequency of alcohol and/or other substance use including cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives over a given period of time. Participants are asked to recall the number of days they used alcohol and/or other substances such that the percent days using over a given period of time can be calculated.The time period for the baseline interview is 60 days prior to enrollment.

The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report measure developed to assess clinically significant difficulties in emotion regulation. Responses range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) with higher scores indicating greater difficulties in emotion regulation. The range of scores is 0 to 180 and item scores are summed for a total score. Mean baseline total scores are reported here.

The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 24 item self report scale that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It is comprised of aspects of mindfulness such as observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity. Item ratings range from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often true or always true) and items are summed for a total score. Higher scores represent higher levels of mindfulness. Mean baseline total scores are reported here.

Women will only receive treatment as usual (TAU less trauma focused group).

The Clinician-Administered Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale fifth edition (CAPS-5) is a 20 item structured interview that assesses the frequency and severity of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms on a scale of 0 (absent) to 4 (extreme/incapacitating). Scores are summed for a total score and higher scores represent higher symptom severity. Score range is 0-80. Group differences in PTSD symptom severity are reported here.

Mean scores for participants at 3 and 6 month follow-up visits. Missing data scores were imputed. Scores presented are controlled for baseline scores.

Post Traumatic Symptom Severity Self Report (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Three questions representing the three new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 (DSM5) criteria for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder were added. Each of the 20 items describe Post Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms which participants rate in terms of their frequency or severity using a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Higher scores represent greater symptom severity and worsening of symptoms. The range of scores is 0 - 60.

Mean total Post Traumatic Symptom Severity Self Report (PSS-SR) scores for participants throughout the study period. Missing scores were imputed at different time periods. Scores presented are controlled for baseline scores.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based interview method to prompt recall of frequency of drinking alcohol and/or using substances over a given time period. Participants are asked to report any days in which they used alcohol and/or other substances (cannabis, stimulants,opioids, cocaine, sedatives) during a given time period. The mean percent of days reporting use of alcohol (Percent Days Drinking:PDD) and/or substances ( Percent Days Using Substances:PDU) for those individuals who attended the end of study visit (n=60) and reported any use during treatment is reported here. The time period includes the 8 weeks from baseline to end of the treatment intervention.

The mean percent days reporting use of alcohol and/or other substances (cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) for those individuals who attended the end of treatment study visit (n=60) and reported any use during treatment. Those individuals who did not use alcohol or substances during treatment are not reported here. Different number of participants reported use of various different substances during treatment.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is an interview using a calendar based method to prompt recall for frequency of alcohol and substance (cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) use over a given time period. Participants are asked to report any days in which they used alcohol and/or other substances (cannabis, stimulants,opioids, cocaine, sedatives) during a given time period. The mean percent of days reporting use of alcohol (PDD) and/or substances (PDU: cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) for those who attended the 3 month follow-up visit (n=53) and reported use of any alcohol and substances at the 3 month follow-up visit is reported here.

Mean of percent days reporting use of alcohol and/or substances (cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedative) for those participants who attended the 3 month follow-up visit (n=53) and reported any alcohol and/or substance use at the 3 month follow-up visit. Those participants who did not report any alcohol and/or substance use are not represented here. Different number of participants reported use of various different substances at the 3 month follow-up visit.

The Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is an interview using a calendar based method to prompt recall for obtaining frequency of alcohol and/or substance (cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) use over a given time period. Participants are asked to report any days in which they used alcohol and/or other substances (cannabis, stimulants,opioids, cocaine, sedatives) during a given time period. The mean percent of days reporting use of alcohol (PDD) and/or substances (PDU: cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) for those who attended the 6 month follow-up visit (n=52) and reported any use of alcohol and/or substances at the 6 month follow-up visit is reported here.

Mean percent days of use for participants attending (n=52) the 6 month follow-up visit and who reported use of alcohol and/or substances (cannabis, stimulants, opioids, cocaine and sedatives) at the 6 month follow-up visit. Individuals who did not report use of any alcohol and/or substances are not reported/represented here. Different number of participants reported use of various different substances at the 6 month follow-up visit.

Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based method that allows a clinician to get a quantitative amount of an individual's daily drinking during a given period of time. Participants are asked about the number of drinks they consumed on the days that they drank. The mean number of standard alcohol drinks per drinking day (DDD) for those individuals who reported any drinking days during treatment from baseline to end of treatment (n=26) is reported.

Number of drinks per drinking day for participants who attended the 8 week end of study visit and used alcohol during the 8 weeks of treatment (n=26). Those individuals who did not report alcohol use are not reported here.

Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based method that allows a clinician to obtain a quantitative amount of an individual's daily drinking during a given period of time. Participants are asked about the number of drinks they consumed on the days that they drank.The mean number of standard alcohol drinks per drinking day (DDD) for those individuals who reported any drinking from the end of treatment to the 3 month follow-up visit (n=18) is reported.

3 months follow-up mean drinks per drinking day for those participants who reported any use of alcohol at the 3 month follow-up (90 days from end of treatment; n=18) visit. Participants who did not report any alcohol use are not reported here.

Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) is a calendar based method that allows a clinician to obtain a quantitative amount of an individual's daily drinking during a given period of time. Participants are asked about the number of drinks they consumed on the days that they drank. The mean number of standard alcohol drinks per drinking day (DDD) for those participants who attended the 6 month follow-up visit who reported any drinking from the 3 month follow-up to the 6 month follow-up visit (n=20) is reported.

Participants who reported any drinking at the 6 month follow-up visit (90 days from 3 month to 6 month follow-up visit: n=20). Those who reported no drinking are not included here.

The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 24 item self report scale that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It is comprised of aspects of mindfulness such as observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity. Item ratings range from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often true or always true) and items are summed for a total score ranging from 0-120. Higher scores represent higher levels of mindfulness. Total scores for participants who attended the 8 week end of study visit (N=60) are reported here.

Participants who attended the 8 week end of study visit (N=60) are reported/represented here. Not all participants attended end of treatment study visits.

The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 24 item self report scale that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It is comprised of aspects of mindfulness such as observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity. Item ratings range from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often true or always true) and items are summed for a total score ranging from 0-120. Higher scores represent higher levels of mindfulness. Total scores for participants who attended the 3 month follow-up visit (n=53) are reported here.

Participants who attended the 3 month follow-up visit (N=53) are reported/represented here. Not all participants attended all study visits.

The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 24 item self report scale that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It is comprised of aspects of mindfulness such as observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reactivity. Item ratings range from 1 (never or very rarely true) to 5 (very often true or always true) and items are summed for a total score ranging from 0-120. Higher scores represent higher levels of mindfulness. Total scores for participants who attended the 6 month follow-up visit (n=52) are reported here.

Participants who attended the 6 month follow-up visit (N=52) are reported/represented here. Not all participants attended all study visits.

The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report measure developed to assess clinically significant difficulties in emotion regulation. Responses range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) with higher scores indicating greater difficulties in emotion regulation. The range of scores is 0 to 180 and item scores are summed for a total score. Total scores for participants who attended the 8 week end of study visit (N=60) are reported here.

Participants who attended the 8 week end of study visit (N=60) are reported/represented here. Not all participants attended all study visits.

The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report measure developed to assess clinically significant difficulties in emotion regulation. Responses range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) with higher scores indicating greater difficulties in emotion regulation. The range of scores is 0 to 180 and item scores are summed for a total score. Total scores for participants who attended the 3 month visit (N=53) are reported here.

Participants who attended the 3 month follow-up visit (N=53) are reported/represented here. Not all participants attended all study visits.

The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report measure developed to assess clinically significant difficulties in emotion regulation. Responses range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always) with higher scores indicating greater difficulties in emotion regulation. The range of scores is 0 to 180 and item scores are summed for a total score. Total scores for participants who attended the 6 month visit (N=52) are reported here.

Participants who attended the 6 month follow-up visit (N=52) are reported/represented here. Not all participants attended all study visits.

Women will only receive treatment as usual (TAU less trauma focused group).

concussion, rib contusion, bruising, abrasions - overnight hospitalization

Participant had a cholecystectomy