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The purpose of this study is to determine whether bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve block in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty are effective in preventing emergence agitation.
Emergence agitation is a postanesthetic phenomenon characterized as confusion, disorientation and violent behavior. Although its etiology is not well understood, risk factors associated with the condition include pain and ENT (ear, nose and throat) surgery. Bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve block in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty is effective in treating postoperative pain. The investigators have designed this study to evaluate the effect of infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve block on emergence agitation in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Placebo Comparator | placebo for the realization of infraorbital and infratrochlear block |
|
| Ropivacaine | Active Comparator | ropivacaine for the realization of infraorbital and infratrochlear block |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal Saline | Drug | Bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve block before general anesthesia with normal saline |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Emergence agitation | Emergence agitation is measured by Riker Sedation-Agitated Scale (RASS) and is defined as RASS=5-7 | 2 hours after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain intensity | 0-10 numerical rating scale (NRS) : from 0 = no pain to 10 = worst pain imaginable | 2, 8, 24, 48 hours after surgery |
| Patient satisfaction | 1-5 scale (1: very unsatisfactory, 2: rather unsatisfactory, 3: fair, 4: rather satisfactory, 5: very satisfactory) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hoon Choi, M.D. | Armed Forces Hampyeong Hostpital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armed Forces Hampyeong Hospital | Geumgyeri | Haebo-myeon, Hampyeong-gun, Jeollanam-do | 57116 | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25729495 | Background | Kim HJ, Kim DK, Kim HY, Kim JK, Choi SW. Risk factors of emergence agitation in adults undergoing general anesthesia for nasal surgery. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Mar;8(1):46-51. doi: 10.3342/ceo.2015.8.1.46. Epub 2015 Feb 3. | |
| 26549134 | Background | Boselli E, Bouvet L, Augris-Mathieu C, Begou G, Diot-Junique N, Rahali N, Vertu-Ciolino D, Gerard C, Pivot C, Disant F, Allaouchiche B. Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2016 Feb;35(1):31-36. doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2015.09.002. Epub 2015 Nov 5. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000071257 | Emergence Delirium |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003693 | Delirium |
| D003221 | Confusion |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| D000077212 | Ropivacaine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077324 | Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
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| Ropivacaine | Drug | Bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve block before general anesthesia with 0.5% ropivacaine |
|
| 48 hours after surgery |
| D009422 |
| Nervous System Diseases |
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D000813 |
| Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 | Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |