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Spinal block leads to the reduction of systemic vascular resistance (SVR) which may effect the cardiac output. Ngan Kee et al. has showed that spina block with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for Cesarean section combined with intravenous infusion norepinephrine had higher cardiac output than those who received phenylephrine
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isobaric Marcaine | Experimental | Isobaric Marcaine 2.2 mL for spinal block |
|
| Hyperbaric Marcaine | Active Comparator | Hyperbaric Marcaine 2.2 mL for spinal block |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isobaric marcaine | Drug | Isobaric marcaine 2.2 mL for spinal block |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of cardiac output (L/min) after spinal block | The investigators will measure cardiac output using non-invasive methods (USCOM) before spinal block and 5 minutes after spinal block. | 5 minutes after spinal block |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total dose of vasopressor | The investigators will record the total dose that treat hypotension during preoperative period | 2 hours |
| Number of patients who experience systolic blood pressure < 25% of preoperative measurement |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sirilak Suksompong, MD | Mahidol University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University | Bangkok | 10700 | Thailand |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007022 | Hypotension |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002045 | Bupivacaine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 | Aniline Compounds |
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| Hyperbaric marcaine | Drug | Hyperbaric marcaine 2.2 mL for spinal block |
|
|
The investigators will monitor blood pressure at interval; before spinal block, then after spinal block every 1 minute for 10 for 10 times, every 2 minute for 5 times, every 3 minutes until delivery then every 5 minutes til the end of surgery. If the patient's systolic blood pressure is declined, vasopressor will be given.
| 2 hours |
| D000588 |
| Amines |