Effect of Osteopathic Cranial Manipulative Medicine on Visual Function

Effect of Osteopathic Cranial Manipulative Medicine on Visual Function

The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a measurable change in visual function as a direct result of the application of osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine. The study will also attempt to determine whether any changes noted remain after withdrawal of the treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• free of active ocular or systemic disease
• refractive error between six diopters of myopia and five diopters of hyperopia with regular astigmatism of any amount
• normal best-corrected visual acuity at 20/40 or better
• normal amplitude of accommodation
• willing to undergo osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnancy
• history of previous closed head trauma or brain injury
• prior cranial manipulative treatment/craniosacral therapy
• students from the Nova Southeastern University Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine and Optometry