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This study aims to determine if a marijuana (MJ) Approach Avoidance Task (AAT) intervention reduces cannabis use compared to a control condition containing no active components of AAT. Adolescent heavy MJ users (N=40, ages 16-21) will be randomly assigned to MJ-AAT (n=20) or control condition (MJ-Sham, n=20) for three weeks. The MJ-AAT includes six sessions designed to reduce action tendencies to approach marijuana. The MJ-Sham includes six MJ-AAT-sham conditions. Substance use and cognitive assessment will identify changes in MJ use patterns and mechanisms of treatment outcomes. Additionally, using an functional magnetic resonance imaging marijuana cue reactivity task, we will determine differences in neural response in reward regions before and after 3 weeks of either AAT or sham treatment.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Approach Avoidance Training Condition | Experimental | The AAT group will push away the joystick from marijuana pictures 90% of the trials and pull towards the marijuana pictures 10% of the trials. |
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| Sham Condition | Sham Comparator | The sham group will undergo the same procedures, except the ratio for marijuana pictures will be 50% push and 50% pull. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marijuana Approach Avoidance Training | Behavioral | Approach Avoidance Training (AAT) is a novel computerized procedure that modifies implicit approach tendencies by training individuals to selectively avoid drug- related stimuli, thereby overriding habitual approach tendencies. Participants are randomized to either the treatment or sham condition. Treatment duration involves 6 training sessions of approximately 15 minutes each (400 trials). AAT requires minimal training and involves only a computer and a joystick, in which participants are either pulling or pushing the joystick when different marijuana or non-marijuana images are displayed with either yellow (pull) or blue (push) border. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in marijuana use from baseline through end of intervention | Assessing the change in marijuana use (as measured by number of days used marijuana X hits per day) from baseline to end of intervention. | From 60 days before intervention to end of 3 week intervention |
| Change in neural reactivity (as measured by BOLD: Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent response) in reward regions during marijuana-cue reactivity task | Assessing the change in neural reactivity to marijuana cues before and after the intervention | 3 weeks |
| Change in marijuana approach tendencies (via Approach Avoidance Assessment Task) as measured by reaction times. | 3 weeks | |
| Change in short-term marijuana use from baseline to 1 month post-intervention | Assessing the short-term effects of intervention on marijuana use (as measured by number of days used marijuana X hits per day) from baseline to 1 month post-intervention. | From 60 days before intervention to 1 month post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in long-term marijuana use from baseline to 1 year post-treatment | Assessing the long-term effects of intervention on marijuana use (as measured by number of days used marijuana X hits per day) from baseline to 1 year post-intervention. | From 60 days before intervention to 1 year post-intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lindsay M Squeglia, PhD | Assistant Professor | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical University of South Carolina | Charleston | South Carolina | 29425 | United States |
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