TNP + Placebo

Smoking abstinence measured by breath CO

The Stroop test assesses cognitive processing. The Level 3 Stroop Throughput score incorporates both accuracy and speed. In Level 3 of the Stroop test, a series of words representing colors are shown in a font color that is incongruent with the word (e.g. RED would be shown in blue font). Users are asked to press a response key associated with the color of the font, not the written word. Quicker and more accurate responses lead to higher scores. The lowest possible score is 0 (no correct responses). There is no defined maximum score, as the score depends upon both response time and number of correct responses. A Level 3 Stroop Throughput change score was calculated by subtracting baseline score from week 2 score. Higher positive scores represent greater improvement in scores at week 2 relative to baseline, and lower negative scores represent greater decline in scores from baseline to week 2.

Week 2 minus baseline. This task assesses the ability to withhold responses to an infrequently occurring target (No-Go trials). A total of 225 single digits (25 x 9 digits) are presented on a computer monitor for 250 ms each, immediately followed by a mask for 900 ms. Subjects must press a spacebar in response to every digit except the "3".

Go/No Go score is calculated as separation between the means of the signal and the noise distributions and is reported in standard deviation units, representing an overall indicator of performance since it accounts for correct responses and incorrect responses. Higher scores represent a better outcome. For the change score, higher positive scores represent greater improvement in scores between baseline and week 2, and lower negative scores represent greater decline in scores between baseline and week 2.

The Code Substitution Test (a computerized adaptation/variant of the Digit Symbol Substitution Test) is a test of psychomotor performance. The Code Substitution-Learning Throughput Score incorporates both accuracy and speed. During the learning phase of this test, users are continuously shown a row of 9 digits that are paired with a symbol (the pairings are constant). Users are presented with a series of individual pairings and are asked to press a response key to indicate if the pairing is correct or not. Quicker and more accurate responses lead to higher scores. The lowest possible score is 0 (no correct responses). There is no defined maximum score, as the score depends upon both response time and number of correct responses. A change score was calculated by subtracting baseline score from week 2 score. Higher positive scores represent greater improvement in scores at week 2 relative to baseline, and lower negative scores represent greater decline in scores from baseline to week 2.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

Abstinence from 2 weeks post quit date to the one month follow up

Abstinence from 2 weeks post quit date to 3 month follow up (total of 6-8 weeks during the trial and 3 month follow up)

Total of all reporting groups

Participants were asked on a scale from 1 (not motivated at all) to 10 (extremely motivated), how motivated are you to quit smoking?

Smoking abstinence measured by breath CO

Participants (n=13 in TPN + Progesterone; n=10 in TPN + Placebo) missing breath CO were coded as ≥ 10 ppm (positive for smoking).

Smoking abstinence measured by breath CO

Participants (n=14 in TPN + progesterone; n=9 in TPN + placebo) missing breath CO data were coded as > 10 ppm (positive for smoking).

Smoking abstinence measured by breath CO

Participants (n=14 in TPN + progesterone; n=9 in TPN + placebo) missing breath CO data were coded as > 10 ppm (positive for smoking).

The Stroop test assesses cognitive processing. The Level 3 Stroop Throughput score incorporates both accuracy and speed. In Level 3 of the Stroop test, a series of words representing colors are shown in a font color that is incongruent with the word (e.g. RED would be shown in blue font). Users are asked to press a response key associated with the color of the font, not the written word. Quicker and more accurate responses lead to higher scores. The lowest possible score is 0 (no correct responses). There is no defined maximum score, as the score depends upon both response time and number of correct responses. A Level 3 Stroop Throughput change score was calculated by subtracting baseline score from week 2 score. Higher positive scores represent greater improvement in scores at week 2 relative to baseline, and lower negative scores represent greater decline in scores from baseline to week 2.

Includes people who completed Stroop Test at both baseline and Week 2 visits.

Week 2 minus baseline. This task assesses the ability to withhold responses to an infrequently occurring target (No-Go trials). A total of 225 single digits (25 x 9 digits) are presented on a computer monitor for 250 ms each, immediately followed by a mask for 900 ms. Subjects must press a spacebar in response to every digit except the "3".

Go/No Go score is calculated as separation between the means of the signal and the noise distributions and is reported in standard deviation units, representing an overall indicator of performance since it accounts for correct responses and incorrect responses. Higher scores represent a better outcome. For the change score, higher positive scores represent greater improvement in scores between baseline and week 2, and lower negative scores represent greater decline in scores between baseline and week 2.

Includes participants who completed the Go/No Go task at both baseline and week 2 visits.

The Code Substitution Test (a computerized adaptation/variant of the Digit Symbol Substitution Test) is a test of psychomotor performance. The Code Substitution-Learning Throughput Score incorporates both accuracy and speed. During the learning phase of this test, users are continuously shown a row of 9 digits that are paired with a symbol (the pairings are constant). Users are presented with a series of individual pairings and are asked to press a response key to indicate if the pairing is correct or not. Quicker and more accurate responses lead to higher scores. The lowest possible score is 0 (no correct responses). There is no defined maximum score, as the score depends upon both response time and number of correct responses. A change score was calculated by subtracting baseline score from week 2 score. Higher positive scores represent greater improvement in scores at week 2 relative to baseline, and lower negative scores represent greater decline in scores from baseline to week 2.

Includes participants who completed the Code Substitution-Learning Test.at both baseline and week 2 visits.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

Note: numbered analyzed does not equal 24

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

The PANAS questionnaire consists of 20 items that describe different feelings and emotions. Participants are asked to what extent they feel this way right now on 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Separate Positive Affect Scores and Negative Affect Scores were calculated from 10 items each. Scores can range from 10 t0 50, with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect and with lower scores representing lower levels of negative affect.

Abstinence from 2 weeks post quit date to the one month follow up

Participants (n=14 in TPN + progesterone; n=9 in TPN + placebo) missing breath CO data were coded as > 10 ppm (positive for smoking).

Abstinence from 2 weeks post quit date to 3 month follow up (total of 6-8 weeks during the trial and 3 month follow up)

Participants (n=14 in TPN + progesterone; n=9 in TPN + placebo) missing breath CO data were coded as > 10 ppm (positive for smoking).

Transdermal Nicotine Patch + Placebo (for Progesterone)

Placebo: TNP + Placebo