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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Nederlandse Vereniging voor Arthroscopie | UNKNOWN |
| Smith & Nephew, Inc. | INDUSTRY |
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During arthroscopic rotator cuff (infraspinatus/supraspinatus) repair, biceps tendon lesions are frequently encountered. However, the most optimal treatment of the diseased long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon during rotator cuff repair remains a topic of debate: tenotomy or tenodesis. The hypothesis is that there is no difference in functional outcome between LHB tenotomy and LHB tenodesis when performed in adjunct to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.
Patients older than 50 years with a supraspinatus and/or infraspinatus tendon rupture sized smaller than 3cm, who are encountered with LHB pathology, will be randomized to either LHB tenotomy or LHB tenodesis. Clinical and self-reported data will be collected pre-operatively, and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery.
Primary outcome is overall shoulder function evaluated with the Constant score. As additional measures of shoulder function, the Dutch Oxford Shoulder Test and the Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand questionnaire will be assessed. Other evaluations include cosmetic appearance evaluated by the ''Popeye'' deformity, arm cramping pain, elbow flexion strength, MRI evaluation, quality of life, and cost of surgery. To detect non-inferiority with a one-sided, two-sample t-test with a 80% power and a significance level (alpha) of 0.025, the required sample size is 98 patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| @ Cuff repair with LHB tenodesis | Active Comparator | In case of pathologic changes of the long Head Biceps tendon, a tenodesis is performed in adjunct to performing an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. |
|
| @ cuff repair with LHB tenotomy | Active Comparator | In case of pathologic changes of the long Head Biceps tendon, a tenotomy is performed in adjunct to performing an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair | Procedure | Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using suture anchors |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Shoulder function quantified with the Constant score (0-100) | Sum of the items below: ADL: Patient reported shoulder function during work (0-4), recreation/sports (0-4), and sleep (0-2). Pain: Patient reported pain in the shoulder (severe=0,moderate=5,mild=10,no pain=15). ROM: Anteflexion up to waist(2)/xiphoid process(4)/neck(6)/head(8)/above head(10) Elevation in degrees: 0-30(0)/31-60(2)/61-90(4)/91-120(6)/121-150(8)/151-180(10) Abduction in degrees: 0-30(0)/31-60(2)/61-90(4)/91-120(6)/121-150(8)/151-180(10) External rotation: impossible to reach head with hand(0)/hand behind head-elbow forward(2)/hand behind head-elbow backward(4)/hand on head-elbow forward(6)/hand on head-elbow backward(8)/full elevation hand from head(10) Internal rotation: dorsal part of the hand reaching lateral thigh(0)/buttock(2)/lumbo-sacral junction(4)/L3(6)/Th12(8)/between scapulae(10). Abduction force at 90 degrees in pounds (max. 25) | 1 year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Popeye phenomenon | Presence of a Popeye deformity in the upper arm (yes/no), as reported by the patient, the treating surgeon, and a blinded assessor. | 1 year |
| Cosmetic appearance | Patients will assess cosmetic appearance on a VAS scale. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Derek van Deurzen, MD | OLVG | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slootervaart ziekenhuis | Amsterdam | 1066EC | Netherlands | |||
| Kliniek De Lairesse |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25975753 | Background | Gurnani N, van Deurzen DF, Janmaat VT, van den Bekerom MP. Tenotomy or tenodesis for pathology of the long head of the biceps brachii: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2016 Dec;24(12):3765-3771. doi: 10.1007/s00167-015-3640-6. Epub 2015 May 15. | |
| 23828089 | Background |
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| LHB Tenodesis | Procedure | Arthroscopic tenotomy and subsequent fixation of long head biceps proximal in the biceps groove |
|
| LHB Tenotomy | Procedure | Arthroscopic tenotomy of long head biceps |
|
| 1 year |
| MRI-based location of the biceps tendon | MRI imaging at 1 year after surgery will be used to assess the location of the proximal biceps tendon. Absence of the biceps tendon in the bicipital groove confirms a successfully performed LHB tenotomy. Absence of the biceps tendon in the bicipital groove confirms failed LHB tendodesis. In addition, the rotator cuff is classified as fully healed, partially healed or recurrent rupture. | 1 year |
| Self-reported shoulder function | Patients will complete two validated questionnaires: the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) and the Dutch Oxford Shoulder Test (DOST) | 1 year |
| Pain | Patients will be asked to report if they have pain (yes/no), and to indicate the level of pain on a VAS scale. The VAS scores will be recorded separately for general pain and for pain in the bicipital groove. | 1 year |
| Elbow flexion strength | A dynamometer will be used to assess elbow flexion strength with the lower arm in full supination. The Elbow Strength Index is calculated by dividing the strength in the affected side by the strength in the contralateral side. | 1 year |
| Quality of life | Patients will complete the validated questionnaire 'EQ-5D', which covers 5 domains (mobility, personal care, daily activities, pain and mood), as well as a 100 point thermometer on general health. | 1 year |
| Post-operative status of rotator cuff | Based on MRI imaging at 1 year after surgery, the rotator cuff is classified as fully healed, partially healed or recurrent rupture. | 1 year |
| Duration of surgery | The duration of surgery will be calculated based on the start and end times of each surgery. | 1 year |
| Complications | All complications and serious adverse events in the study population are recorded. | 1 year |
| Amsterdam |
| 1075BG |
| Netherlands |
| OLVG | Amsterdam | 1090HM | Netherlands |
| Gelre ziekenhuis | Apeldoorn | 7334DZ | Netherlands |
| Amphia ziekenhuis | Breda | 4819JV | Netherlands |
| Groene Hart Ziekenhuis | Gouda | 2803HH | Netherlands |
| Tergooi Ziekenhuizen | Hilversum | Netherlands |
| Spaarne Ziekenhuis | Hoofddorp | Netherlands |
| St Antonius | Nieuwegein | 3430EM | Netherlands |
| Canisius Wilehelmina Zkh | Nijmegen | Netherlands |
| Zhang Q, Zhou J, Ge H, Cheng B. Tenotomy or tenodesis for long head biceps lesions in shoulders with reparable rotator cuff tears: a prospective randomised trial. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015 Feb;23(2):464-9. doi: 10.1007/s00167-013-2587-8. Epub 2013 Jul 5. |
| 23088416 | Background | Galasso O, Gasparini G, De Benedetto M, Familiari F, Castricini R. Tenotomy versus tenodesis in the treatment of the long head of biceps brachii tendon lesions. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2012 Oct 22;13:205. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-205. |
| 27577549 | Derived | van Deurzen DF, Scholtes VA, Willigenburg NW, Gurnani N, Verweij LP, van den Bekerom MP; BITE collaboration group. Long head BIceps TEnodesis or tenotomy in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: BITE study protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Aug 30;17(1):375. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-1230-5. |