Effect of Preoperative Topical Ketorolac on Aqueous Cytokine Levels and Macular Thickness in Cataract Surgery Patients

The Effect of Preoperative Topical Ketorolac 0.45% on Aqueous Cytokine Levels and Macular Thickness in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous of the eye and thickness of the macula after treatment of topical ketorolac for patients undergoing cataract surgery.

To compare aqueous levels of inflammatory cytokines in diabetic and non diabetic patients treated with preoperative topical ketorolac tromethamine 0.45%.

To compare the macular thickness changes in diabetic and non diabetic patients treated with preoperative ketorolac tromethamine 0.45% and its correlation with the aqueous inflammatory cytokines.

Inclusion Criteria:

Diabetic patient group

1. Type 2 diabetes mellitus with no diabetic retinopathy
2. If with co-morbid, controlled hypertension with no hypertensive crisis in recent six months
3. Listed for phacoemulsification cataract surgery

Non diabetic patient group

1. No history of diabetes
2. If with co-morbid, controlled hypertension with no hypertensive crisis in recent six months
3. Listed for phacoemulsification cataract surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Smoker
2. Presence of immune disease, local or systemic inflammation
3. Presence of retinal diseases, glaucoma
4. Previous surgical procedure on the eye
5. Intra-operative complications