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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| San Diego State University | OTHER |
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This study is a cluster (clinic level) randomized pragmatic trial to compare the effectiveness of MA Health Coaching (MAC) delivered by non-clinician primary care staff (i.e., MAs) versus usual care (UC) in improving diabetes clinical control among individuals with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
The study will be conducted in the primary care environments of two distinct, yet representative healthcare systems in San Diego County: Neighborhood Healthcare (a San Diego County FQHC system and designated Patient-Centered Medical Home, serving predominantly ethnic minority, low income patients) and Scripps (a large, non-profit, private insurance-based health system, serving predominantly Caucasian, middle-to-higher income patients). Six hundred patients at intervention (n=2; patient N=300) and control (n=2; patient N=300) clinics, aged 18 and older, with T2DM, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 8.0%, and/or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 100 mg/dL, and/or systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 within the last 60 days, will be identified and enrolled using electronic health records (EHRs). Primary clinical outcomes of HbA1c, LDL-C, and SBP assessed as part of quarterly (or annual, for LDL-C), standard-of-care medical visits will be extracted from EHRs over 12 months. Changes in patient-reported behavioral (diabetes self-care) and psychosocial (quality of life, patient activation) outcomes will be evaluated via telephone assessment in a subset of intervention and control (N=300 total) participants at baseline, month 6, and month 12. A thorough process evaluation will be conducted to establish reach, acceptability/feasibility, adoption/maintenance, and fidelity of the intervention and will integrate patient, MA, and primary care provider perspectives. Cost-effectiveness will also be examined from the health system perspective. Principles of community engaged research were incorporated in intervention and study planning and will be sustained throughout the research period.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group: MA Health Coaching | Experimental | Patients in the intervention group will receive the "MA Health Coaching" intervention during their primary care visits, as well a follow-up calls to encourage/monitor progress and offer support. |
|
| Usual Care | No Intervention | Patients in this group will receive "treatment as usual" during their primary care visits. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Assistant Health Coaching | Behavioral | One-on-one behavioral health screening and tailored intervention by the MA health coach with patients who have type 2 diabetes. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Glycosylated Hemoglobin (Hba1c); % units | 12 months | |
| Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c); mg/dL units | 12 months | |
| Systolic blood pressure (SBP); mmHg units | 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) - patient-reported outcome | 12 months | |
| Patient Activation Measure (PAM) - patient-reported outcome | 12 months | |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cost-effectiveness using the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Outcomes Model | 12 months |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
None as this is a pragmatic trial.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Athena Philis-Tsimikas, MD | Scripps Whittier Diabetes Institute | Principal Investigator |
| Linda Gallo, PhD | San Diego State University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scripps Whittier Diabetes Institute | La Jolla | California | 92121 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
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| Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) General Health Scale - patient-reported outcome |
| 12 months |
| Patient Assessment of Care for Chronic Conditions (PACIC) - patient-reported outcome | 12 months |
| Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) - patient-reported outcome | 12 months |