Impact of Antibiotic Treatment of Group A Streptococcal Blistering Distal Dactylitis in Children

Impact of Antibiotic Treatment of Group A Streptococcal Blistering Distal Dactylitis in Children

Single-center prospective study to assess the clinical course of group A streptococcal blistering distal dactylitis in children after antibiotic treatment.

Blistering distal dactylitis are very common in children. About 60% are caused by Staphylococcus aureus and some are caused by Group A Streptococcus (GAS) or Streptococcus pyogenes. While these forms have been known for fifty years, few publications are interested in it. Some studies have confirmed that a single antibiotic treatment against the SGA allows the healing of these dactylitis but few surgical teams have adopted this strategy. As all streptococcal infections, they face the risk of acute complications (septicemia, streptococcal toxic shock, etc.) or late (post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, acute rheumatic fever, etc.). The involvement of the SGA in these dactylitis is easy to demonstrate through the use of rapid GAS test already widely used in other GAS infections (tonsillitis, scarlet fever, streptococcal perianal infections).

This study aims to assess the clinical course of positive GAS test blistering distal dactylitis in children after antibiotic treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children 0-18 years
• Distal blistering dactylitis collected or not collected
• Positive rapid Group A Streptococcus test
• Informed consent signed by the parents

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subungual or pulp Whitlow
• Children not affiliated to the social security scheme
• Refusal by the parents to participate in the study