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Nalbuphine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine caudal anesthesia for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing Hypospadias repair.
2 groups, 30 patients each
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nalbuphine group | Active Comparator | 30 children will be given Caudal Bupivacaine plus Nalbuphine. |
|
| Control group | Other | 30 children will be given Caudal Bupivacaine. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nalbuphine plus Bupivacaine | Drug | Addition of caudal Nalbuphine to the standard Bupivacaine |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative pain intensity Measured by Face, Legs, Activity, Cry & consolability (FLACC) pain scale | During 24 h in the postoperative period |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cortisol level | 6 hours |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assiut University Hospital | Asyut | 71515 | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009266 | Nalbuphine |
| D002045 | Bupivacaine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009019 | Morphinans |
| D053610 | Opiate Alkaloids |
| D000470 | Alkaloids |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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| Bupivacaine | Drug | Caudal Bupivacaine is the standard of care will be considered as a control |
|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D006572 |
| Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring |
| D006576 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D010616 | Phenanthrenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 | Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |